华兹生典籍翻译中的译者行为研究  

Burton Watson's Translation of Classical Chinese Works Viewed From the Perspective of Translator Behavior Criticism

作　　者：杨国强[1] 吕世生 YANG Guoqiang;LYU Shisheng(Nankai University;Beijing Language and Culture University)

机构地区：[1]南开大学 [2]北京语言大学

出　　处：《翻译界》2023年第1期76-89,共14页Translation Horizons

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“朱子学在英语世界的翻译研究”(15BZX051);山东省社科规划研究项目“华兹生齐鲁文化典籍英译本的副文本与形象建构研究”(19CWZJ52);全国高校外语教学科研项目“译者行为批评视域下华兹生《庄子》英译研究”(2018SD0006B)的研究成果。

摘　　要：本文借用译者行为批评理论,从“翻译外”和“翻译内”两个分野考察了华兹生(1925—2017)典籍翻译中的译者行为。通过翻译外的考察,本文发现华兹生的社会性行为主要体现在译者身份、翻译选材、读者意识、翻译取向等方面,凸显了很强的服务于社会和读者的务实性;通过翻译内的考察,结合对《庄子全译》的分析,本文发现华兹生对修辞手法、文化意象、口语化特色等进行求真性保留以再现庄子的语言艺术,同时考虑到西方诗学、读者等因素对注释、韵律等进行了务实性处理,呈现出求真与务实兼顾的融合语言性行为和社会性行为的特点。通过翻译内外的审视,本文既揭示了华兹生“求真为本,务实为用(上)”的译者行为规律,同时也为加强中国文学和文化外译提供了有益借鉴。This study analyzes Burton Watson's(1925-2017)translation of classical Chinese works from the perspective of Translator Behavior Criticism,which consists of extra-translation criticism and intra-translation criticism.From the viewpoint of extratranslation criticism,Watson's social behavior is mainly reflected in translator identity,source text selection,readership awareness,translation strategy,and so on.From the standpoint of intra-translation criticism,with The Complete Works of Zhuangzi as a case,it shows Watson's efforts in the reproduction of Zhuangzi's literary qualities by preserving the figures of speech,cultural images,colloquial features among others,and also in his pragmatic treatment of notes and rhythms by considering Western poetics,readership and other factors.The examination of extra-translation and intra-translation features reveals Watson's translator behavior principle of"putting a translation's readability above its faithfulness to the original".He seeks faithfulness to the original text while taking into account of readers'reception.He exhibits a combination of linguistic and social behavior.Watson's case offers an illuminating example for the successful outgoing translation of Chinese culture and literature.

关 键 词：译者行为批评 华兹生 典籍翻译 庄子 

分 类 号：H31[语言文字—英语]