精神障碍患者未成年子女与父母的亲子沟通及相关因素  

Parent-child communication and related factors in adolescents with parents affected by mental disorders

作　　者：陈冰冰 陈蔚然 杜春雨 周天航[1] 洪旭 吴素英 文丽萍[3] 朱灵艳 杨先梅[4] 唐琦 张涛[6] 刘文卉 张长春[7] 潘杨[7] 许俊亭 张宇楠 马弘[1] 于欣[1] 管丽丽[1] CHEN Bingbing;CHEN Weiran;DU Chunyu;ZHOU Tianhang;HONG Xu;WU Suying;WEN Liping;ZHU Lingyan;YANG Xianmei;TANG Qi;ZHANG Tao;LIU Wenhui;ZHANG Changchun;PAN Yang;XU Junting;ZHANG Yunan;MA Hong;YU Xin;GUAN Li(Peking University Sixth Hospital,Peking University Institute of Mental Health,NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health(Peking U-niversity),National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders(Peking University Sixth Hospital),Beijing 100083,China;Xiamen Xianyue Hospital,Xiamen 361001,Fujian Province,China;Zigong Mental Health Center,Zigong 643020,Sichuan Province,China;The Third Hospital of Mianyang,Mianyang 621000,Sichuan Province,China;Jiang You Third People Hospi-tal,Jiangyou 621700,Sichuan Province,China;Taiyuan Psychiatric Hospital,Taiyuan 030000,China;Beijing Fangshan District Mental Health Care Hospital,Bejing 102405,China;Dalian Seventh People's Hospital,Dalian 116023,Liaoning Province,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学第六医院,北京大学精神卫生研究所,国家卫生健康委员会精神卫生学重点实验室(北京大学),国家精神心理疾病临床医学研究中心(北京大学第六医院),北京100083 [2]厦门市仙岳医院,福建厦门361001 [3]自贡市精神卫生中心,四川自贡643020 [4]绵阳市第三人民医院,四川绵阳621000 [5]江油市第三人民医院,四川江油621700 [6]太原市精神病医院,太原030000 [7]北京市房山区精神卫生保健院,北京102405 [8]大连市第七人民医院,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2023年第6期449-457,共9页Chinese Mental Health Journal

基　　金：美国中华医学基金会(21-435,数字化干预提升父母患有严重精神障碍的儿童青少年心理健康);国家卫生健康委(严重精神障碍患者家庭疫情相关心理社会服务需求)

摘　　要：目的:父母患有严重精神障碍,亲子养育功能不良,可能对其未成年子女的身心健康和成长环境造成影响,本研究拟了解患者家庭的亲子沟通状况并探讨其影响因素。方法:采用横断面研究设计,调查患者的12~17岁子女,收集人口学信息、家庭特征和亲子沟通情况;采用亲子沟通量表评估父子/母子沟通的开放性和问题性。结果:149例子女中,70.5%父母诊断为精神分裂症,63.8%家庭不经常沟通;因素分析显示,主要照料者是否为父母影响亲子沟通量表得分(P<0.01);父母照料组较之非父母照料组,母子/父子沟通的总分和开放性得分以及亲子沟通频率均更高(P<0.01)。结论:严重精神障碍患者家庭亲子沟通频率低;在父母不作为子女主要照料者的家庭,亲子沟通情况相对更差。Objective:Severe mental disorders frequently 1ead to dysfunction in parenting for the patients,which may influence the physical and mnental health as well as the gtowing environment of their children.This study was to understand the parent-child communication status and its related factors in farmilies of parents suffering from severe menta1 disorders.Methods:In this cross-sectional study,children of parents with severe mental disorders aged 12 to 17 years old were recnuited.Demographic information,family characteristics and general parent_child communication features were collected by sel1f-deai gned fomm.The Parent-Adolescent Communication Scale(PACS)was used to evaluate the openness and problem of the communication between the fathers or mothers and their children.Results:Among 149 adolecents,70.5%of them had a parent diagnosed with schizophrenia.Parents did not often communicate with their children in 63.8%of the famnilies.Single and multple factor analyais showed that,whether the adolescents'primary caregivers were the parents influenced the PACS scores significantly(P<0.01).In the famnilies where the parents were the primary caregivers of their children,the total and openness scores of mother child communication and father child comnmunication as well as the frequency of parent-child communi-cation were significantly higher than those of the farmilies where the parents were not the primary caregivers of their children(P<0.01).Conclusion:It suggests the frequency of parent child communication be 1ow in families of pa-tients with severe menta1 disorders,and thesituation of parent-child communication be even worse in families where parents are not the primary caregivers of their children.

关 键 词：亲子沟通 精神障碍 精神分裂症 未成年子女 

分 类 号：B844.2[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学] B845.67[哲学宗教—心理学]