数据技术支持下美国高校招生录取改革经验及启示  

Research on the Reform and Insight of Undergraduate Admissions in U.S.Universities by Data Technology Supporting

作　　者：王正青[1] 田霄[1] 唐晓玲[2] WANG Zhengqing;TIAN Xiao;TANG Xiaoling(Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Sichuan International Studies University,Chongqing 400031,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学,重庆400715 [2]四川外国语大学,重庆400031

出　　处：《中国考试》2023年第5期62-71,共10页journal of China Examinations

基　　金：全国教育科学“十四五”规划2022年度国家一般课题“大数据背景下高等教育监测评估的社会风险与治理策略研究”(BIA220083)。

摘　　要：如何在高校招生录取工作中综合利用各类数据信息,已经成为各国教育政策制定者、管理者和研究者共同关注的议题。在数据技术支持下,美国高校从招生理念重塑、招生指标完善和招生公平保障等维度对本科生招录评价工作进行了一系列改革创新,具体包括基于业内数据制订招录计划、整合运行数据更新招录评价方式、依据学业数据评估学生素质、分析追踪数据识别申请人选、汇总监测数据调整招生政策等。这些改革创新对我国高校招生录取工作的启示包括:建立健全本科生招生数据管理制度,大力支持数据技术研发,加强招生工作队伍专业化建设,吸纳社会专业机构参与招生评价工作等。How to comprehensively use all kinds of data and information in undergraduate admissions has become a common concern for education policy makers,administrators and researchers in various countries.With the technical support of data,U.S.universities have carried out a series of reforms and innovations in undergraduate admission and evaluation from the dimensions of reshaping admissions philosophy,refining admissions indicators and catalysing admissions fairness,including making admission plans based on industry data,integrating admission methods with operational data,evaluating student quality by academic data,analyzing admission candidates based on tracking data,and aggregating admission policies through monitoring data,etc.The reference of these reforms and innovations for China's college admissions work includes:establishing a sound undergraduate admissions data management system,strongly supporting data technology research and development,strengthening the professionalization of the admissions workforce,and absorbing professional social institutions to participate in the admissions evaluation work.

关 键 词：数据技术 美国高校 本科生招生录取 高考改革 高考评价改革 

分 类 号：G405[文化科学—教育学原理]