营商环境如何驱动“专精特新”中小企业培育?——基于组态视角的定性比较分析  

How does the Business Environment Drive the Cultivation of“New,Distinctive,Specialized and Sophisticated”SMEs?Qualitative Comparative Analysis Based on the Configuration Perspective

作　　者：敦帅 毛军权[1] Dun Shuai;Mao Junquan(CPC Shanghai Municipal Party School(Shanghai Institute of Administration)Shanghai 200233,China)

机构地区：[1]中共上海市委党校(上海行政学院),上海200233

出　　处：《上海财经大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第2期78-92,共15页Journal of Shanghai University of Finance and Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(21ZDA018)。

摘　　要：培育发展“专精特新”中小企业,是落实新发展理念、构建新发展格局、促进高质量发展的关键。文章以我国31个省份“专精特新”中小企业培育数量为样本,从营商环境视角出发,通过组态思维和模糊集定性比较分析相结合的方式,解析多重并发因素和复杂因果机制引致的“专精特新”中小企业培育的区域差异。结果发现:(1)营商环境涵盖的市场环境、政务环境、法律环境、人文环境和创新环境5个具体条件因素均不能单独构成“专精特新”中小企业培育的必要条件,即单一的环境因素对培育“专精特新”中小企业的影响解释不力;(2)“专精特新”中小企业培育高效率的协同驱动路径有2条,即市场—人文环境驱动型路径和人文—创新环境驱动型路径;(3)“专精特新”中小企业培育非高效率的驱动路径有2条,即法律—人文环境抑制型路径和市场—政务—创新环境抑制型路径,且与培育高效率的驱动机制存在非对称性关系;(4)良好的人文环境对“专精特新”中小企业培育的高效率有着较为普遍的影响;(5)引致“专精特新”中小企业培育高效率的营商环境各要素环境并非越高越好,而是需要以合适的组态结合在一起,才能真正发挥各要素的协同“场效应”。By virtue of the specialization of its main business,the refinement of its management and operation,the specialization of its products and services,and the novelty of its innovative efficiency,the"new,distinctive,specialized and sophisticated"SMEs(hereinafter referred to as"NDSS"SMEs)have become the core subject of optimizing the modern industrial system,improving the basic research ability,building an innovative development pattern,and promoting high-quality economic development.The high-quality development of"NDSS"SMES is an effective way to construct a powerful manufacturing country,a high-energy way to build employment security,and a key measure to stimulate enterprise vitality,which is conducive to improving the efficiency of enterprise resource utilization,realizing the engine replacement of economic growth,and promoting the changes of quality,efficiency and momentum.Based on the number of"NDSS"SMEs cultivated in 31 provinces of China,from the perspective of business environment,the QCA method is used to deconstruct the regional differences and complex causal mechanisms that support the development of"NDSS"SMEs.The results show that:(1)The five specific elements covered by the business environment cannot constitute the necessary conditions for"NDSS"SME cultivation alone.(2)There are two collaborative driving paths to cultivate the high efficiency of"NDSS"SMEs.(3)There are two driving paths to cultivate the non-high eficiency of"NDSS"SMEs,and there is an asymmetric relationship with the driving mechanism of cultivating high eficiency.(4)A good humanistic environment has a relatively common impact on the high efficiency of"NDSS"SME cultivation.(5)The various elements of business environment need to be combined with appropriate configurations to truly play the synergistic field effect.On the one hand,this paper reveals the black box of"NDSS"SME cultivation in a more detailed and accurate manner.On the other hand,starting from the phenomenon,this paper analyzes the configuration reasons of"NDSS"SME cultivation

关 键 词：“专精特新”中小企业 营商环境 定性比较分析 

分 类 号：F276.3[经济管理—企业管理]