Cancer resistance to immunotherapy: What is the role of cancer stem cells?  

作　　者：Gourab Gupta George Merhej Shakthika Saravanan Hexin Chen 

机构地区：[1]Department of Biological Science,University of South Carolina,Columbia,SC 29208,USA

出　　处：《Cancer Drug Resistance》2022年第4期981-994,共14页癌症耐药（英文）

摘　　要：Immunotherapy is an emerging form of cancer therapy that is associated with promising outcomes.However,most cancer patients either do not respond to immunotherapy or develop resistance to treatment.The resistance to immunotherapy is poorly understood compared to chemotherapy and radiotherapy.Since immunotherapy targets cells within the tumor microenvironment,understanding the behavior and interactions of different cells within that environment is essential to adequately understand both therapy options and therapy resistance.This review focuses on reviewing and analyzing the special features of cancer stem cells(CSCs),which we believe may contribute to cancer resistance to immunotherapy.The mechanisms are classified into three main categories:mechanisms related to surface markers which are differentially expressed on CSCs and help CSCs escape from immune surveillance and immune cells killing;mechanisms related to CSC-released cytokines which can recruit immune cells and tame hostile immune responses;and mechanisms related to CSC metabolites which modulate the activities of infiltrated immune cells in the tumor microenvironment.This review also discusses progress made in targeting CSCs with immunotherapy and the prospect of developing novel cancer therapies.

关 键 词：IMMUNOTHERAPY cancer stem cells immunotherapy resistance tumor microenvironment 

分 类 号：R730.51[医药卫生—肿瘤]