汉语词汇再认中的生命性效应:编码丰富性观点的解释  

The Role of Richness of Encoding in Animacy Effect of the Recognition of Chinese Vocabulary

作　　者：邢敏[1,2] 刘希平[1] XING Min;LIU Xiping(Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education,Academy of Psychology and Behavior,Faculty of Psychology,Tianjin Social Science Laboratory of Students’Mental Development and Learning,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387;School of Educational Science,Xinyang Normal University,Xinyang 464000)

机构地区：[1]教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地天津师范大学心理与行为研究院,天津师范大学心理学部,学生心理发展与学习天津市高校社会科学实验室,天津300387 [2]信阳师范学院教育科学学院,信阳464000

出　　处：《心理与行为研究》2023年第2期177-184,共8页Studies of Psychology and Behavior

基　　金：全国教育科学规划国家青年课题(CBA180255)。

摘　　要：生命性效应是指生命实体比非生命实体更容易被记住,其潜在机制尚处于探索阶段。编码丰富性观点认为,与非生命项目相比,生命项目引发更丰富的编码,从而为记忆提取提供更多的线索。本研究通过三项实验,分别在编码丰富(实验1)和限制编码丰富的记忆负荷任务(实验2、实验3)条件下考察汉语词汇再认中的生命性效应。结果发现:编码丰富和限制编码丰富条件下,汉语词汇学习中生命词汇的再认均显著好于非生命词汇;双任务范式下并未发现生命性效应降低;生命词汇再认不受记忆负荷任务影响,非生命词汇再认受记忆负荷任务影响较大。结果表明,汉语词汇再认中存在稳健的生命性效应;编码丰富性是一种由项目生命属性引发的自动加工机制。Animacy effect refers to the memory advantage of animate entities over inanimate entities;however,its underlying mechanism is not yet known.The richness of encoding account suggests that animate items stimulate more ideas than inanimate items,which provides more cues for memory retrieval.The current study focused on whether richness of encoding may provide a more robust explanation for animacy effect or not.The animacy effect in the recognition of Chinese vocabulary was investigated under the conditions of rich encoding(Experiment 1)and limited encoding(Experiment 2 and Experiment 3).The results showed that animacy effects were robust in the recognition of Chinese vocabulary under both rich and limited encoding conditions;the recognition of animate items was significantly better than that of inanimate items.No degradation of the animation effect was found in the dual-task paradigm.Recognition of inanimate words,rather than animate words,was more influenced by the memory load task:the more difficult the memory load task,the more impaired the recognition of inanimate words.The results indicate that there is a robust animacy effect in the recognition of Chinese vocabulary;the richness of encoding is an automatic processing mechanism triggered by the animate attributes of items.

关 键 词：生命性效应 编码丰富性 汉语词汇 再认 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]