电信诈骗如何导致误信:影响因素、解释理论及研究展望  

How Telecom Fraud Leads to Mistrust: Influencing Factors, Interpretation Theory and Research Prospect

作　　者：陈红敏 赵雷 郭素然[3] 莫雷 CHEN Hongmin;ZHAO Lei;GUO Suran;MO Lei

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学马克思主义学院,北京100048 [2]中国青年政治学院青少年工作系,北京100089 [3]国际关系学院心理研究服务中心,北京100091 [4]华南师范大学心理学院/心理应用研究中心,广州510631

出　　处：《华南师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第2期94-106,207,共14页Journal of South China Normal University：Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“电信诈骗信任度的影响因素、心理机制及干预研究”(17BSH152)。

摘　　要：电信诈骗严重影响社会信任,但探讨人们如何误信电信诈骗的心理机制的研究还比较欠缺。从电信诈骗受害者的角度分析电信诈骗误信的影响因素,发现受害者的电信诈骗易感性、诈骗者的社会影响技术以及受害者被骗时的心理状态起着关键的影响作用。对此,详尽可能性模型、骗子说服技巧模型和网络受骗易感性工作模型对现有研究进行了解释,但并不完善。未来的研究可以在模型的整合与发展、电信诈骗分类型分阶段研究的丰富和完善、因果研究方法的改进与创新、预防研究的实证性和可操作性方面深入开展。Telecom fraud seriously destroys social trust,but the psychological mechanism of people being easily deceived and how to effectively prevent telecom fraud at the individual level are still lacking.From the perspective of telecom fraud victims,this paper analyzed“who”,“why”and“when”choose trust.“Who”is more vulnerable to telecom fraud?We analyzed the victim s susceptibility to telecom fraud,the key factors including demographic characteristics,personality characteristics and cognitive characteristics.“Why”the victims choose trust,which is influenced by fraud stories and social influence techniques.And“when”the victims to choose trust,which is related to the psychological dynamic factors induced by the interaction between the victims and fraud information.Three models were used to explain the internal mechanism,which are Elaboration Likelihood Model,The Scammers Persuasive Techniques Mode and A Working Model of Susceptibility to Online Influence.But these models can not cover all types of telecom fraud.Future research can be carried out in the integration and development of the model,the enrichment and improvement of the research on the types and stages of telecom fraud,the improvement and innovation of causal research methods,and the practicality and operability of intervention research.

关 键 词：受害者 电信诈骗 易感性 误信 心理机制 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]