高速动车组服役性能与钢轨廓形匹配适应性研究  

Study on Adaptability Between Service Performance of High-speed EMU and Rail Profile Matching

作　　者：侯茂锐 杨光 陈秉智 刘丰收 HOU Maorui;YANG Guang;CHEN Bingzhi;LIU Fengshou(School of Mechanical Engineering,Dalian Jiaotong University,Dalian 116028,China;Railway Science and Technology Research and Development Center,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China;Metals and Chemistry Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]大连交通大学机械工程学院,辽宁大连116028 [2]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道科学技术研究发展中心,北京100081 [3]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司金属及化学研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《铁道学报》2023年第5期29-39,共11页Journal of the China Railway Society

基　　金：中国国家铁路集团有限公司科研开发计划(J2021J007);中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司科研开发计划(2021YJ262)。

摘　　要：动车组在高速铁路不同线路区段上经常出现异常振动问题,为研究动车组服役性能与钢轨廓形匹配的适应性,在不同高速铁路直线及大曲线区段选择200多个典型钢轨断面进行钢轨廓形跟踪测试,得到钢轨廓形偏差分布规律;分析不同偏差钢轨廓形分别与新轮、磨耗车轮匹配时的等效锥度、动车组动力学性能及轮对、构架、车体时频振动特性。结果表明:偏差在-0.2~0.3 mm范围的钢轨廓形占比约34%;与LMa新轮匹配,等效锥度基本保持在0.03,动车组各项动力学性能指标优良;与磨耗车轮匹配,随着钢轨廓形偏差由-0.4 mm增加到0.8 mm,名义等效锥度逐渐由小于0.01增加到0.3,当钢轨廓形偏差大于0.6 mm时,构架横向振动加速度等指标明显增大,动车组动力学性能和运行品质劣化,动车组对于线路的适应性下降。Abnormal vibration often occurs on Electric Multiple Unit(EMU)in different sections of high-speed railway.In order to study on the adaptability between the service performance of high-speed EMU and rail profile matching,more than 200 typical rail profiles of the straight lines and large curve sections were selected for rail profile tracking test,where the distribution law of rail profile deviation was obtained.An analysis was made on the equivalent conicity,vehicle dynamic performance and time-frequency vibration of wheelset,bogie-frame and carbody when the rail profile with different deviation was matched with new wheel and worn wheel respectively.The results show that rail profiles with deviation of-0.2~0.3 mm account for 34%.Matching the LMa new wheel,the nominal equivalent conicity corresponding to different rail profiles is basically maintained at 0.03,with excellent dynamic performance indexes of EMU.Matching the worn wheel,with the increase of rail profile deviation from-0.4 mm to 0.8 mm,the nominal equivalent conicity gradually increases from less than 0.01 to 0.3.When the rail profile deviation is greater than 0.6 mm,the lateral vibration acceleration of the bogie-frame is significantly increased,deteriorating the dynamic performance and operation quality of EMU,and reducing the adaptability of EMU to the line.

关 键 词：高速动车组 车辆动力学 钢轨廓形偏差 轮轨匹配 数值仿真 

分 类 号：U211.5[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] U270.11[机械工程—车辆工程]