第三人撤销之诉功能定位与制度完善  

The Function Orientation and System Improvement of Third-party Revocation Lawsuit

作　　者：柏孟仁 Bai Mengren(Law School,Wuhau University,Wuhan Hubei 430072;School of Law and Sociology,Xinyang Normal University,Xinyang,Henan 464000)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学法学院,湖北武汉430072 [2]信阳师范学院法学与社会学学院,河南信阳464000

出　　处：《河南财经政法大学学报》2023年第3期157-166,共10页Journal of Henan University of Economics and Law

基　　金：2022年国家社科基金重点项目“比例原则在民事诉讼中的适用研究”(项目编号:22AFX010);2022年高校人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“新时代生态文明建设司法保障与服务的完善研究”(项目编号:22JJD820014);2022年河南省哲学社会科学规划项目“网络交易在线纠纷解决机制的现实困境及其司法应对”(项目编号:2022CFX035)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：我国民事诉讼第三人撤销之诉制度既有之功能定位为应对恶意或虚假诉讼之策,较为单一的功能定位导致相关规则之配置略显粗糙。应从系统论视角重新定位第三人撤销之诉制度之功能,将为民事权益受生效裁判文书不利影响之案外人提供事后唯一救济途径作为其功能定位,同时废除案外人申请再审制度。重塑后的功能定位既符合民事诉讼比例性之法理要求,更能满足案外人周延救济之实践需求,也契合制度运行之现实趋势。应调整现有立法体例以更好保障第三人撤销之诉功能定位之实现,通过明晰其适格主体、拓展其适用客体,实现制度之系统性优化。The existing functional orientation of the third-party revocation lawsuit in Chinese civil litigation is targeted at malicious and false litigation,which relatively single function positioning leads to the slightly rough configuration of relevant rules.The function of third-party revocation lawsuit should be repositioned from the perspective of systematology,which functional orientation should beto provide the sole access to relief afterwards for the outsiders affected adversely by those effective judgment documents,and the retrial system of outsiders should be abolished.The function positioning after reconstruction not only meets the jurisprudential requirements of proportionality in civil litigation,but also meets the practical needs of extended relief for outsiders,and accords with the realistic trend of system operation.The existing legislative style should be adjusted to better guarantee the realization of the function orientation of the third party revocation lawsuit,and the systematic optimization of the system should be realized by clarifying its appropriate subject and expanding its applicable object.

关 键 词：民事诉讼 系统论 第三人撤销之诉 案外人申请再审 

分 类 号：D925.1[政治法律—诉讼法学]