19世纪来华德意志人的孔子形象建构  

The Construction of Confucius’Image by the Germans who Visited China in the 19th Century

作　　者：胡凯[1] 刘丰毓 Hu Kai;Liu Fengyu(School of German Studies,Shanghai International Studies University,Shanghai 200083,China)

机构地区：[1]上海外国语大学德语系,上海200083

出　　处：《北京大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第2期123-131,共9页Journal of Peking University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社科基金“冷门‘绝学’和国别史等研究专项”项目“19世纪来华德意志人中国叙事文献的发掘与研究”(项目编号:2018VJX015)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：西方对孔子的认知和形象建构是近代中西/中德文化互动感知的重点之一。除了西方学者基于研析儒学典籍对孔子形象的学术性建构,19世纪接踵来华的德意志人以其对近代中国社会的观察与书写,为德意志公众拓宽了认知孔子、儒学和中国的新视野。受书写者多重身份和利益向度的影响,他们在认同孔子“伟人形象”的同时,也从总体上将以孔子和儒学为代表的中华文明置于西方文明之下。这种对孔子形象的社会性建构不仅反映了来华德意志人在华殖民主义、文明布道的行动目的,而且也是19世纪中西/中德权力关系的写照。The cognition and construction of Confucius'image in the West was one of the focal points of modern Sino-Western and Sino-German cultural interaction.In addition to the academic construction of Confucius'image by Western scholars based on the study of Confucian classics,the Germans who came to China in the 19th century expanded new horizons for the German public's cognition of Confucius,Confucianism and China through their observations and writings on modern Chinese society.Influenced by their multiple identities and interests,while they identified with the“Great Man”image of Confucius,they also positioned Chinese civilization,as represented by Confucius and Confucianism,beneath Western civilization in general.The social construction of Confucius'image reflects not only the intentions of the Germans who came to China for colonialism and civilizing missions,but also the Sino-Western and Sino-German power relationship in the 19th century.

关 键 词：来华德意志人 孔子形象 社会性建构 社会建构主义理论 

分 类 号：I106[文学—世界文学]