基于相位翻转的超声波风速风向测量  

Wind speed and direction measurement based on ultrasonic phase reversal

作　　者：单泽彪[1,2,3] 韩明轩 于渤力 刘小松 SHAN Zebiao;HAN Mingxuan;YU Boli;LIU Xiaosong(School of Electronic and Information Engineering,Changchun University of Science and Technology,Changchun 130022,China;Changchun Meteorological Instrument Research Institute,Changchun 130102,China;College of Communication Engineering,Jilin University,Changchun 130022,China)

机构地区：[1]长春理工大学电子信息工程学院,长春130022 [2]长春气象仪器研究所,长春130102 [3]吉林大学通信工程学院,长春130022

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2023年第9期230-235,292,共7页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61571462);吉林省教育厅科学技术项目(JJKH20190590KJ);长春理工大学青年科学基金(XQNJJ-2017-12)。

摘　　要：针对超声波测风中由于噪声影响收发时刻点不易确定导致测量精度不高的问题,提出了一种基于超声波相位翻转的风速风向测量方法。所提方法采用依据相对时差法的对射式阵列测风结构,通过改变超声波发射信号的相位,即在某一时刻使得超声波信号发生相位翻转标记为超声波发射信号时刻点,随后采用锁定放大器对接收的超声波信号进行处理,利用相敏检波器对相位的敏感特性以及对噪声较强的抑制能力,可准确地获得超声波接收信号相位翻转之处,并将其标记为接收信号时刻点。最后通过测量两个时刻点之间的超声波传播时间计算得到风速分量,进而可得实际的风速风向值。通过模拟仿真试验和实测数据验证了所提方法的可行性和有效性,试验结果表明所提方法在高斯噪声或与非高斯冲击噪声混合背景下均具有良好的测量性能,与阵列式测风法及相关法相比具有更高的测量精度。Here,to solve the problem of measurement accuracy being not high due to the uncertainty of receiving and transmitting time points caused by effects of noise in wind measurement with ultrasonic sensor,a method based on ultrasonic phase reversal was proposed to measure wind speed and direction.The proposed method adopted the opposed array wind measurement structure based on the relative time difference method.By changing phase of ultrasonic transmission signal,i.e.,a moment at which ultrasonic transmitted signal having phase reversal could be marked as the time point of ultrasonic transmission signal.Then,the received ultrasonic signal could be processed by a lock-in amplifier,the phase-sensitive detector’s sensitivity to phase and its stronger ability to suppress noise could be used,the moment at which phase of ultrasonic received signal was reversed could be accurately obtained and marked as the time point of ultrasonic receiving signal.Finally,wind speed component was calculated by measuring ultrasonic propagation time between the two time points,and further the actual wind speed and direction values could be obtained.The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method were verified with simulation experiments and measured data.The experimental results showed that the proposed method has good measurement performance in background of Gaussian noise or non-Gaussian impulse noise and in mixed background of both them;it has a higher measurement accuracy compared with array wind measurement method and correlation method.

关 键 词：超声波测风 相位翻转 相敏检波 冲击噪声 

分 类 号：TH765[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]