“不夜侯”与“酒兵”:宋代涉茶与涉酒诗中的兵喻现象  

“Sleepless Marquis”and“Wine Soldier”:Metaphor of War in Tea and Wine Poems in Song Dynasty

作　　者：董灏 Dong Hao(Faculty of Liberal Arts Northwest University,Xi’an Shaanxi 710100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北大学文学院,陕西西安710100

出　　处：《北京化工大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第1期83-91,共9页Journal of Beijing University of Chemical Technology(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“唐宋转型与宋代家学、家风及文学研究”(17BZW101)。

摘　　要：在宋代的涉茶与涉酒诗中,“兵喻”是一种常见现象。根据诗人在饮茶和喝酒时需要“交战”的对象不同,可以分为两个维度:一种是将抽象的精神上的困倦或心理上的愁绪当作茶或酒的交战对手;一种是将与自己斗茶或对饮的交际对象当作敌人,进而在创作的涉茶诗与涉酒诗中将饮茶喝酒的过程比附为战争过程。这种现象究其原因:一是隐喻是人类认知世界的重要方式,饮茶喝酒过程中的对抗性和战争有着象似性;二是宋代时代背景下文人战场杀敌梦想在饮酒品茶诗中的投射。兵喻使得茶与酒由物进而人格化,成为了诗人亲密无间的战友,体现了宋人对理性精神的追求。spiritual sleepiness or psychological sadness as the warring opponents while drinking tea or wine;the other is to regard the people with whom one fights tea or drinks as the enemies,and then to compare the process of drinking tea or wine to the process of war in creating the poems about tea and wine.The reasons for this phenomenon are as follows:firstly,metaphor is an important way for human to know the world,and the antagonism in the process of drinking tea or wine are similar to war;secondly,the literati’s dream of killing enemies on the battlefield under the background of the Song Dynasty has been projected in the poetry of drinking tea or wine.The metaphor of war personifies tea and wine,making them the poet’s intimate comrade-in-arms,which reflects the Song people’s pursuit of rational spirit.

关 键 词：斗茶 酒战 兵喻 战争隐喻 

分 类 号：I207[文学—中国文学]