国家教育权的双重面向及规范要求  

The Dual Aspects and Normative Requirements of National Education Power

作　　者：湛中乐[1] 梁芷澄 Zhan Zhongle;Zhan Zhongle Liang Zhicheng(Law School,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学法学院,北京100871

出　　处：《华东师范大学学报（教育科学版）》2023年第6期1-13,共13页Journal of East China Normal University:Educational Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“中国教育法学总论体系构建研究”(20BFX050)。

摘　　要：从历史维度上看,国家教育权在其诞生之初仅意味着国家对教育内容的干预。社会国家诞生以降,国家教育权增添了给付因素,要求国家积极作为以保证受教育权的实现。这使得国家教育权成为一个同时蕴含干预面向和给付面向的概念。分析这一区分思路并考察它们的规范基础,有助于厘清国家教育权的规范边界。我国现行宪法第19条第3款、第19条第5款、第24条和第46条共同构成了我国国家教育权干预面向的宪法基础,并对国家教育权的行使提出了形式要求和实质要求。此外,教育立法刻画了国家教育权在个别教育领域的规范边界。国家教育权的给付面向亦应满足宪法规范的要求,既不得偏离国家目标、违背平等原则,也需要满足国家保护义务的宪法要求。From a historical perspective,at the beginning of its birth,national education power only meant the state’s intervention in the content of education.Since the birth of the social state,a welfare factor has been added to national education power,requiring the state to act actively to ensure the realization of the right to education.This makes the national education power that contains both intervention and welfare aspects.Following this distinction,we could investigate their normative requirements separately.Article 19,paragraph 3,Article 19,paragraph 5,Article 24 and Article 46 of Constitution together constitute the constitutional basis for the intervention of national education power,and put forward formal and substantial requirements for national education power.In addition,the Educational Law delineates the normative boundaries between the national education power and the family education right,the school education right and the social education right.The welfare aspect of national education power should also meet the requirements of constitutional norms,it can’t deviate from the national goal,or violate the principle of equality,and should fulfill the national protection obligation.

关 键 词：国家教育权 受教育权 干预面向 给付面向 

分 类 号：G521[文化科学—教育学]