青藏高原青稞品质评价体系构建及生态区划分析  

Construction of Quality Evaluation System and Analysis of Ecological Regionalization of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Hulless Barley

作　　者：陈鲁鹏 姚晓华[1,2,3] 姚有华 李新 吴昆仑[1,2,3] CHEN Lupeng;YAO Xiaohua;YAO Youhua;LI Xin;WU Kunlun(Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;Qinghai Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Xining 810016,China;Qinghai Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley Genetics and Breeding/Qinghai Hulless Barley Sub-Center,National Barley Improvement Center,Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Germplasm Resources,Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学,西宁810016 [2]青海省农林科学院,西宁810016 [3]青海省青稞遗传育种重点实验室/国家麦类改良中心青海青稞分中心青藏高原种质资源研究与利用实验室,西宁810016

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2023年第4期667-678,共12页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1001701-4);国家大麦产业技术体系(CARS-05);青海省自然科学基金计划-创新团队(2022-ZJ-902)。

摘　　要：为探究青藏高原地区青稞(Hordeum vulgare L.var.nudum Hook.f.)品种品质间的差异,建立青稞品质评价指标体系,对青稞品质生态适应性进行区划。该研究以15个青藏高原主栽青稞品种为试验材料,连续两年种植于青藏高原具有代表性的8个生态区,测定了籽粒总淀粉、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、β-葡聚糖等13个品质指标,并利用单因素方差分析、相关性分析、主成分分析和聚类分析方法对被测指标进行分析排序。结果表明:(1)13个品质指标中有11个指标在15个参试品种间存在显著差异,有12个指标在8个种植区间存在显著差异;品质指标总黄酮含量与总多酚含量具有显著正相关关系,与β-葡聚糖含量存在极显著正相关关系;结合不同品种在不同生态区的表现,确定支链淀粉、直链淀粉、总黄酮、β-葡聚糖和总多酚含量为对青稞综合品质影响最大的指标。(2)聚类分析将15个参试品种分成4类,将8个种植地区聚类成3个生态区,各生态区品质表现较好的品种为‘昆仑18号’、‘昆仑19号’、‘昆仑15号’、‘甘青8号’和‘甘青4号’。(3)对所测品质指标在品种水平和地区水平上进行主成分分析发现,将13个品质指标均划分为5个主成分,累计方差贡献率分别为85.16%和94.40%;籽粒品质综合评价得分最高的品种为‘昆仑18号’,品质最优生态地区为青海省贵南县。In order to explore the differences in the quality of hulless barley(Hordeum vulgare L.var.nudum Hook.f.)varieties in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,establish the quality evaluation index system of hulless barley,and regionalize the ecological adaptability of hulless barley quality,we used 15 main hulless barley varieties in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau as experimental materials and measured thirteen quality indexes such as total starch,crude protein,ether extract andβ-glucan.One-way analysis of variance,correlation analysis,principal component analysis and cluster analysis were used to analyze the measured indexes.The results showed that:(1)among the 13 quality indexes,11 indexes had significant differences among the 15 tested varieties,and 12 indexes had significant differences in the 8 planting zones.There was a significant positive correlation between the total flavonoid content and the total polyphenol content,and theβ-glucan content.Based on the performance of different varieties in different ecological regions,the contents of amylopectin,amylose,total flavonoids,β-glucan and total polyphenols were the greatest influence on the comprehensive quality of hulless barley.(2)The 15 tested varieties were divided into 4 categories by cluster analysis,and the 8 regions were divided into 3 ecological zones.The varieties with better quality in each ecological zone were Kunlun 18,Kunlun 19,Kunlun 15,Ganqing 8 and Ganqing 4.(3)These results showed that 13 indicators could be converted into 5 principal components,and the cumulative variance contribution rates were 85.16%and 94.40%,respectively.The variety with the highest comprehensive evaluation score was Kunlun 18,and the area with the best quality was Guinan,Qinghai province.The results provide a scientific basis for the construction of hulless barley quality evaluation system and the regional division of ecological adaptability in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

关 键 词：青稞 品质指标 品质评价 生态区划 

分 类 号：Q945.79[生物学—植物学] S512.3[农业科学—作物学]