熟练双语者负性情绪干扰下的认知优势效应:来自2-back的证据  

Cognitive Advantages of Proficient Bilinguals under the Interference of Negative Emotion:Evidence from the 2-back Task

作　　者：赵艺 刘毅 焦江丽[1,2] Zhao Yi;Liu Yi;Jiao Jiangli(Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Mental Development and Learning Science,Urumqi 830017;School of Psychology,Xinjiang Normal University,Urumqi 830017)

机构地区：[1]新疆心智发展与学习科学重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830017 [2]新疆师范大学心理学院,乌鲁木齐830017

出　　处：《心理学探新》2022年第5期416-421,共6页Psychological Exploration

基　　金：2019年度国家社科基金项目“课语整合式”学习视角下的少数民族学生国家通用语言学习策略研究(19XMZ023);新疆师范大学博士科研启动基金项目(XJNUBS202116)(XJNUBS202010)。

摘　　要：熟练双语者在空间工作记忆中存在认知优势,但是在负性情绪干扰下熟练双语者在空间工作记忆中是否存在认知优势尚不清楚。空间工作记忆和负性情绪均以大脑右半球为优势脑区,加工效能理论认为空间工作记忆和负性情绪的加工使用同样的认知资源。研究采用情绪空间2-back任务,探究在负性情绪刺激干扰下的空间工作记忆任务中熟练双语者是否存在认知优势。结果表明,熟练双语者在该任务中表现出比非熟练双语者更高的正确率和更短的反应时。这一结果说明,尽管存在负性情绪刺激的干扰,相比非熟练双语者,熟练双语者在空间工作记忆中仍然表现出了认知优势。Proficient bilinguals have the cognitive advantage in spatial working memory,however,it is unclear whether proficient bilinguals have cognitive advantages in spatial working memory under the interference of negative emotion.Both spatial working memory and negative emotion are dominated by the right hemisphere of the brain.The processing efficacy theory suggests that the processing of spatial working memory or negative emotion uses the same cognitive resources.This study used the emotional spatial 2-back task to explore whether proficient bilinguals posses the cognitive advantage in spatial working memory task under the interference of negative emotional stimuli.Results indicate that the accuracy of proficient bilinguals was significantly higher than that of non-proficient bilinguals and the reaction times of proficient bilinguals were significantly shorter than that of non-proficient bilinguals.The experimental results show that proficient bilinguals have the cognitive advantage in spatial working memory task compared to non-proficient bilinguals under the interference of negative emotional stimuli.

关 键 词：熟练双语者 负性情绪 空间工作记忆 双语认知优势 

分 类 号：B842.5[哲学宗教—基础心理学]