汉语存现句的生成机制再研究  

Revisiting the Generative Mechanism of Chinese Existential Sentences

作　　者：张孝荣[1] 何晓炜[2] Zhang Xiaorong;He Xiaowei(School of Foreign Studies,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu Anhui 241002;Faculty of English Language and Culture,Guangdong University of Foreign Studies,Guangzhou Guangdong 510420)

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学外国语学院,安徽芜湖241002 [2]广东外语外贸大学英语语言文化学院,广东广州510420

出　　处：《语言科学》2022年第5期509-519,共11页Linguistic Sciences

基　　金：安徽省哲学社会科学规划项目(AHSKYG2017D149)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：文章采用语段理论探讨汉语存现句的生成机制。汉语存现句中的动词为非宾格动词以及在词库中进行非宾格化操作的部分非作格动词和及物动词,这些动词无施事性外论元,只能描述事件和状态,同时使得句中轻动词短语具有非语段的特性。动词后名词短语通过与T的一致关系获得主格格位,通过在词库中选择或者不选择标注话题特征的两种可能,动词前的方位名词短语体现主语和话题的双重属性。通过比较汉语存现句与英语there-存现句,本文发现英语there-存现句中的动词限制更为严格,there只能具有主语属性,这些差别均由词库中词项特征的差异所导致。This paper adopts the phase theory to explore the generative mechanisms of Chinese existential sentences.The verbs in Chinese existential sentences are unaccusative verbs,and some un-ergative and transitive verbs which receive unaccuasativization in the lexicon.These verbs have no ex-ternal agent-type arguments and can only depict event and state,which results in the non-phase nature for VP.The post-verbal NPs agree with T and are valued with nominative Case,and the pre-verbal locative NPs exhibit dual features of subject and topic through the optionality of topic feature encoding in the lexicon.The comparing of Chinese existential sentences and English existential there-sentences shows that existential verbs in English are more restricted and they only have the feature of subject.All the differences of this construction in Chinese and English can be attributed to the feature differ-ences of lexical items in the lexicon.

关 键 词：存现句 非宾格 主语 话题 语段 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]