培养医学生批判性思维的教学模式初探  

Discussion on Teaching Mode of Cultivating Critical Thinking of Medical Students

作　　者：王春燕 曹靖玮 王菲 霍燕 段淑荣 WANG Chunyan;CAO Jingwei;WANG Fei;HUO Yan;DUAN Shurong(Department of Neurology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University,Harbin Heilongjiang 150000,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学第一临床医学院神经内科,黑龙江哈尔滨150000

出　　处：《中国继续医学教育》2023年第10期37-41,共5页China Continuing Medical Education

基　　金：黑龙江省规划办“十四五”规划重点课题(GJB1421277)。

摘　　要：批判性思维,是对现有知识、技能、信息进行综合考虑和科学分析,进而判断出自己相信什么,做什么,是一种有根据的怀疑和对事物进行研究的态度。培养学生的批判性思维已经成为21世纪高等教育改革关注的重点,也是全球医学教育最低基本要求(Global Minimum Essential Requirements in Medical Education,GMER)规定的医学生应该具备的基本能力之一。探索培养医学生批判性思维的教学模式一直是我国医学教育工作者不断进取的方向。提高医生的批判性思维能力会对常规医疗实践的各个方面产生深远的影响,例如恰当地选择治疗计划、做出准确的诊断、减少医疗错误等。培养医学生批判性思维成为当今医学教育的重要任务。文章从批判性思维的定义和重要性、我国医学生批判性思维现状和培养批判性思维的几种教学模式进行综述,以期为开发更有效的批判性思维教学模式提供帮助。As a kind of well-founded suspicion as well as an attitude that insists on studying,critical thinking helps students to judge what they believe and what to do through comprehensively considering and scientifically analyzing existing knowledge,skills,and information.Besides being the focus of higher education reform in the 21st century,critical thinking cultivation is one of the basic abilities that medical students should possess according to the Global Minimum Essential Requirements in Medical Education(GMER).It is a continuously progressive direction for medical educators in China to explore the teaching mode of cultivating medical students’critical thinking.All aspects of routine medical practice will be influenced profoundly by enhancing doctors’critical thinking ability.For example,doctors can select treatment plans properly thus making accurate diagnosis and reducing medical errors.Cultivating medical students’critical thinking has become an important task of medical education today.In order to provide help for developing more effective teaching modes of critical thinking,this paper summarized the definition and importance of critical thinking,the current situation of critical thinking of medical students in China and several teaching modes of cultivating critical thinking.

关 键 词：高等教育改革 医学教育 批判性思维 创新思维 医学生 教学模式 

分 类 号：G642[文化科学—高等教育学]