三七渣对文山牛生长性能、血清生化指标及肌肉品质的影响  

Effects of Panaxnotoginseng Residue on Growth Performance,Serum Biochemical Indexes and Muscle Quality of Wenshan Cattle

作　　者：盘道兴 李凡 王献[1] 王成高 黄兴粉 杨羚钰 钟正阳 梁昌兴 方云霞 龙俊 冉光富 伍丽仙 PAN Daoxing;LI Fan;WANG Xian;WANG Chenggao;HUANG Xingfen;YANG Lingyu;ZHONG Zhengyang;LIANG Changxing;FANG Yunxia;LONG Jun;RAN Guangfu;WU Lixian(Wenshan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wenshan 663000,China;Animal Husbandry Station of Wenshan State,Wenshan 663000,China;Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Workstation of Guangnan County,Guangnan 663300,China;Animal Husbandry Technique Promotion Station of Maguan County,Maguan 663700,China;Animal Husbandry Station of Funing County,Funing 663400,China)

机构地区：[1]文山州农业科学院,文山663000 [2]文山州畜牧站,文山663000 [3]广南县畜牧兽医工作站,广南663300 [4]马关县畜牧技术推广工作站,马关663700 [5]富宁县畜牧站,富宁663400

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2023年第5期3069-3080,共12页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：中央引导地方科技发展专项资金项目“文山高峰牛绿色、高效饲养技术研究与产业化示范”(202107AA110001)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究三七渣对文山牛生长性能、血清生化指标及肌肉营养成分、氨基酸、脂肪酸含量的影响。选择体重[(369.68±6.57)kg]相近、健康的18月龄左右的文山牛公牛30头,随机分为3组,每组10头,以饲喂基础饲粮为对照组,饲喂基础饲粮添加3%三七渣为Ⅰ组,饲喂基础饲粮添加6%三七渣为Ⅱ组。预试期为7 d,正试期为90 d。结果表明:1)三七渣含丰富的粗蛋白质、淀粉、粗脂肪等营养物质,特别是淀粉含量高达152 g/kg,还含有粗多糖、皂苷等有效成分。2)Ⅰ组的末重、平均日增重、体斜长、胸围、腹围显著高于对照组(P<0.05),料重比显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。3)Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组的血清天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶、胆碱酯酶、碱性磷酸酶、乳酸脱氢酶活性及总胆汁酸含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。4)Ⅰ组肌肉的天冬氨酸、丙氨酸、赖氨酸含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组肌肉的谷氨酸、亮氨酸含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。5)Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组肌肉的油酸、亚油酸含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组肌肉的豆蔻酸、棕榈酸、硬脂酸含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。综上所述,在饲粮中添加三七渣饲喂文山牛不会对动物机体造成损伤,还可提高平均日增重及饲料转化率,降低料重比,改善文山牛的血清生化指标,对机体的代谢功能具有一定的调节作用,同时对肌肉品质有改善作用。在本试验条件下,添加3%三七渣饲喂文山牛效果较显著。The purpose was to study the effects of feeding Wenshan cattle with Panaxnotoginseng residue on growth performance,serum biochemical indexes,muscle nutrient composition,amino acid and fatty acid contents.Thirty healthy Wenshan bulls with similar body weight[about(369.68±6.57)kg]and about 18 months of age were divided into 3 groups with 10 cows in each group.The cows were fed a basal diet as control group,the basal diet supplemented with 3%Panaxnotoginseng residue was groupⅠ,and the basal diet supplemented with 6%Panaxnotoginseng residue was groupⅡ.The pre-feeding period was 7 days and the formal period was 90 days.The results showed as follows:1)Panaxnotoginseng residue was rich in crude protein,starch,crude fat and other nutrients,especially starch content up to 152 g/kg,and it also contained crude polysaccharide,saponin and other active ingredients.2)The final weight,average daily gain,body oblique length,chest circumference and abdominal circumference of groupⅠwere significantly higher than those of control group(P<0.05),and the ratio of feed to gain was significantly lower than that of control group(P<0.05).3)The activities of serum aspartate aminotransferase,cholinesterase,alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase and the content of total bile acid of groupsⅠandⅡwere significantly lower than those of control group(P<0.05).4)The contents of aspartic acid,alanine and lysine of groupⅠwere significantly higher than those of control group(P<0.05),and the contents of glutamic acid and leucine of groupsⅠandⅡwere significantly higher than those of control group(P<0.05).5)The contents of oleic acid and linoleic acid of groupsⅠandⅡwere significantly higher than those of control group(P<0.05),and the contents of cardamic acid,palmitic acid and stearic acid of groupsⅠandⅡwere significantly lower than those of control group(P<0.05).In conclusion,feeding Wenshan cattle with Panaxnotoginseng residue doesn’t damage to animal body.In addition,it can increase average daily gain and feed convers

关 键 词：三七渣 文山牛 生长性能 血清生化指标 营养成分 氨基酸 脂肪酸 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]