工程技术专业与工程专业的比较分析——以美国12所大学为例  

A Comparison between Engineering Technology Majors and Engineering Majors-A Study of Twelve U.S.Universities

作　　者：许心蕊 Xu Xinrui

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学教育科学研究院

出　　处：《高等工程教育研究》2023年第3期181-188,共8页Research in Higher Education of Engineering

基　　金：华中科技大学文科双一流建设项目基金资助“智库建设与社会服务能力提升项目”;华中科技大学自主创新基金项目“为何而学:生涯系统视角下‘Z世代’工科生求学意义感的质性研究”(2022WKYXQN017)。

摘　　要：分层次培养工程师在全球普遍存在。采取混合式研究设计,从边界视角比较美国不同地区不同类型12所大学本科阶段的专业定位和课程计划分析发现,工程技术专业与工程专业具有较高相似度,均以培养就职工程师岗位人才为总体目标;但人才定位及培养方式有细微差别,主要体现在培养环节及培养目标“理论-实践”关系不同、创新能力要求不同以及相应课程体系中数学和实践课程的难度与比重不同。工程技术专业及工程专业共存可视为本科阶段工程教育两种不同路径,工程技术专业存在感式微现象揭示了工程专业设置需随工程活动发展而适当调整。The historical root of engineering workforce hierarchy led to the development of hierarchy in post-secondary educational majors.In this article,I analyze the program description and curriculum of twelve U.S.universities across various Carnegie classifications and geographic locations.Using a mixed methods design under the framework of boundary theory,this work aims to explore the rela-tionship between engineering technology and engineering majors at the undergraduate level.Findings suggest that graduates from both programs could enter the workforce as an engineer and take on simi-lar responsibilities.Differences between the programs lie in the proportion of hands-on learning and theoretical learning,requirement on innovation,and the curriculum on math and experiential learn-ing.I argue to view this dichotomy of“engineering technology vs.engineering”as different pathways for undergraduate engineering education.The current situation of the engineering technology majors suggest that educational major designers should incorporate engineering requirement in practice.

关 键 词：工程技术专业 工程专业 边界理论 本科专业设置 课程体系 

分 类 号：G642.3[文化科学—高等教育学] TB-4[文化科学—教育学]