手工艺的思想资源及其对现代生活的反思  

The Ideological Resources of Handicraft and Its Reflections on Modern Life

作　　者：孟凡行[1,2] MENG Fanhang

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学人文和社会科学高等研究院,广东珠海519087 [2]北京师范大学社会学院,广东珠海519087

出　　处：《民俗研究》2023年第3期27-46,157,158,共22页Folklore Studies

基　　金：江苏高校哲学社会科学研究重大项目“基于艺术学立场的艺术民族志理论方法研究”(项目编号:2020SJZDA026);国家社科基金艺术学重大项目“中国艺术人类学的理论与实践研究”(项目编号:21ZD10)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：技术是人的本质性要素,其存在经验技术和工程技术两个维度,并以其对应的自发性秩序和工具性秩序相对平衡地维护着人类社会的运行。进入现代社会后,工程技术突飞猛进并催生了技术万能论,自发性秩序遭到工具性秩序的全面压制,现代生活进入持续焦虑状态。艺术和手工艺共享自发性秩序“基因”,前者以其激进的反身性行动完成了对工具性秩序的批判,却因被现代机械因素异化和自持的强烈个体性因素而难以完成连接传统和共同体建设任务;后者是经验技术的集中表现形式之一,其始终带有的文化本源性、共同体因素和具身性实践,具有连接传统经验世界,召唤自发性秩序,进而重塑自由生活世界的潜能。Technology is an essential element of human beings.It has two dimensions:the experiential and the engineering,which correspond to the spontaneous order and the instrumental order.These two orders sustain the operation of human society in a relatively balanced way.After entering modern society,engineering technology advanced by leaps and bounds and gave birth to the theory of technological omnipotence.Meanwhile,spontaneous order has been overwhelmingly suppressed by instrumental order,leading to a state of constant anxiety of modern life.Both art and handicraft share the"gene"of spontaneous order.Art completes the criticism of instrumental order with its radical reflexive actions.However,art can barely connect tradition and communities,because it intrinsically contains abundant individual factors and its function of shaping public relations has been alienated by mechanical reproduction.On the contrary,handicraft is the focused manifestation of experiential technology,which includes originality,community factors,and embodied practice.Therefore,handicraft has the potency to connect the traditional empirical world,awaken the spontaneous order,and then reshape the world of free living.

关 键 词：手工艺 现代生活 经验技术 自发性秩序 具身性实践 

分 类 号：J0-05[艺术—艺术理论]