Early diabetic kidney disease:Focus on the glycocalyx  

作　　者：Hui Yu Yi-Yun Song Xian-Hua Li 

机构地区：[1]Department of Nephrology,Qilu Hospital of Shandong University,Jinan 250012,Shandong Province,China

出　　处：《World Journal of Diabetes》2023年第5期460-480,共21页世界糖尿病杂志（英文版）（电子版）

基　　金：Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China,No.ZR2019MH072.

摘　　要：The incidence of diabetic kidney disease(DKD)is sharply increasing worldwide.Microalbuminuria is the primary clinical marker used to identify DKD,and its initiating step in diabetes is glomerular endothelial cell dysfunction,particularly glycocalyx impairment.The glycocalyx found on the surface of glomerular endothelial cells,is a dynamic hydrated layer structure composed of proteoglycans,glycoproteins,and some adsorbed soluble components.It reinforces the negative charge barrier,transduces the shear stress,and mediates the interaction of blood corpuscles and podocytes with endothelial cells.In the highglucose environment of diabetes,excessive reactive oxygen species and proinflammatory cytokines can damage the endothelial glycocalyx(EG)both directly and indirectly,which induces the production of microalbuminuria.Further research is required to elucidate the role of the podocyte glycocalyx,which may,together with endothelial cells,form a line of defense against albumin filtration.Interestingly,recent research has confirmed that the negative charge barrier function of the glycocalyx found in the glomerular basement membrane and its repulsion effect on albumin is limited.Therefore,to improve the early diagnosis and treatment of DKD,the potential mechanisms of EG degradation must be analyzed and more responsive and controllable targets must be explored.The content of this review will provide insights for future research.

关 键 词：GLYCOCALYX Diabetic kidney disease Endothelial cells Reactive oxygen species MICROALBUMINURIA ENZYME 

分 类 号：R587.2[医药卫生—内分泌] R692.9[医药卫生—内科学]