高质量职业本科人才培养模式的现实向度与行动路径——基于21所职业技术大学教育质量报告的文本分析  

The Realistic Dimension and Action Path of the High-Quality Vocational Undergraduate Talent Training Model: A Text Analysis Based on the Education Quality Reports of 21 Vocational and Technical Universities

作　　者：毋磊 周蕾[2] 马银琦 WU Lei;ZHOU Lei;MA Yinqi(East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学教育管理学系,上海200062 [2]华东师范大学国家教育宏观政策研究院,上海200062

出　　处：《中国高教研究》2023年第5期101-108,共8页China Higher Education Research

基　　金：2022年度杭州市哲学社会科学规划课题基地项目培育课题“数字经济背景下我国本科层次职业教育协同治理模式研究”(XDYL202204)的研究成果。

摘　　要：明确我国职业本科人才培养模式的现实向度,对于推动高质量的职业本科教育具有重要价值。以21所职业技术大学为例,通过对其近4年《高等职业教育质量年度报告》的文本分析发现:培养目标主动服务区域发展,但缺乏高端产业适配度,强调人才的专业复合性,却忽略了高层次的内涵;专业设置不断提升适应性,本科性有待彰显,课程建设以职业能力为导向,理实尚未一体化,“三教”改革注重内涵式发展,师资队伍亟需加强;现代学徒制建设注重校企协同育人,但缺乏标准引领,“1+X”证书制度稳步推进,含金量有待提升;校内多级评价主体权责分明,企业行业地位重视程度不足,评价导向有所扭转,但欠缺职业特色。据此,职业本科人才培养要厘清“现场工程师”的培养定位,彰显类型特色;坚持“技术导向”的培养过程,打造培育优势;深化“校企协同”的培养制度,加强育人保障;构建“知识+技能”的评价体系,提升育人成效。In order to promote high-quality vocational education,it is of great value to clarify the research and practice of China’s vocational undergraduate talent training model.This study takes 21 vocational and technical colleges as examples to analyse the text of their“Annual Report on the Quality of Higher Vocational Education”over the past four years.It finds that the goal of talent training is to actively serve regional development,but it lacks high-end industrial suitability,and emphasizes the professional combination of talents but ignores the high-level connotation;the professional offerings is constantly improving its adaptability,the undergraduate nature needs to be demonstrated;the curriculum construction is oriented to professional ability,and the theory and practice haven’t been integrated yet;the“Three Education”reform focuses on the connotative development,and the teaching staff urgently needs to be strengthened;the construction of a modern apprenticeship system focuses on school-enterprise cooperation education,but it lacks standard guidance,the“1+X”certificate system is steadily developing,and its gold content needs to be improved;the main body of multi-level evaluation in school has clear rights and responsibilities,but it lacks the evaluation status of enterprises and industries,and the evaluation orientation has been reversed,but it lacks professional characteristics.Accordingly,the cultivation of talents for vocational undergraduate education should clarify the positioning of“field engineers”and highlight the characteristics of the type;adhere to the“technology-oriented”cultivation process to create cultivation advantages;deepen the“school-enterprise cooperation”cultivation system to strengthen the guarantee of cultivation;and build the“knowledge+ability”evaluation system to enhance the effectiveness of cultivation.

关 键 词：职业本科教育 人才培养模式 培养目标 

分 类 号：G712[文化科学—职业技术教育学]