人工智能与教育:机遇、挑战与对策  

Artificial Intelligence and Education:Opportunities,Challenges,and Countermeasures

作　　者：贾积有[1] 张誉月 JIA Jiyou;ZHANG Yuyue

机构地区：[1]北京大学教育学院,北京100871

出　　处：《北京大学教育评论》2023年第1期49-61,188,189,共15页Peking University Education Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金教育学(全国教育科学规划)2022年国家一般课题“基于大数据挖掘的学生智能评测和辅导研究”(BCA220208)。

摘　　要：人工智能技术在最近十年取得了举世瞩目的成就,表现在知识工程、数据挖掘、模式识别、自然语言处理、智能机器、专家系统、自动程序设计、艺术创作等八个方面。这些方面的突破性进展为教育发展和变革提供了动力,在教育的宏观、中观和微观三个层面,在教、学、评、测等教育系统的各个环节,人工智能技术都发挥了重要作用。人工智能技术的迅猛发展对教育也带来了极大挑战,主要表现在影响教育机构的毕业生市场、教学评价方式和学生学习方式上。为了应对人工智能技术的挑战,充分利用其正面影响,本文提出要调整高校专业设置、适应劳动力市场的变化,改革教学评价方式和内容,研发和部署人工智能技术的教育应用,引导学生合理、合法使用人工智能技术。Artificial intelligence technology has made remarkable achievements in the past decade,manifested in eight aspects:knowledge engineering,data mining,pattern recognition,natural language processing,expert system,robotics,automatic programming,and art creation.These breakthroughs have provided the impetus for the development and transformation of education.At the macro,meso,and micro levels of education,artificial intelligence technology has played an important role in all aspects of the education system,including teaching,learning,evaluation,and testing.However,the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology has also brought great challenges to education,mainly affecting the graduate market,students assessment and instructional methods of educational institutions.In order to address the challenges of artificial intelligence technology and make full use of its positive impact,it is recommended to adjust the professional settings of universities to adapt to changes in the labor market;to reform the assessment approach and content;to develop and deploy educational applications of artificial intelligence technology;and to guide students to use AI technology in a reasonable and compliant manner.

关 键 词：人工智能 教育管理 教学 智能教学系统 预测 干预 

分 类 号：G40-057[文化科学—教育学原理]