磁控焊缝跟踪传感器非对称纵向磁场下的焊缝识别  

Seam recognition by magnetic control seam tracking sensor under asymmetric longitudinal magnetic field

作　　者：秦子濠 李湘文[1] 郑学军[1] 洪波[1] 李继展 周芙蓉 QIN Zihao;LI Xiangwen;ZHENG Xuejun;HONG Bo;LI Jizhan;ZHOU Furong(College of Mechanical Engineering,Xiangtan University,Xiangtan,411105,China;Hefei General Machinery Research Institute,Hefei,200331,China;Xiangtan Electric Machinery Company,Xiangtan,411105,China)

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学,机械工程学院,湘潭411105 [2]合肥通用机械研究院有限公司,合肥230031 [3]湘潭电机股份有限公司,湘潭411105

出　　处：《焊接学报》2023年第5期84-94,I0008,共12页Transactions of The China Welding Institution

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(11832016,51775471);湖南创新型省建设专项重大标志性创新示范项目(2019XK2303);长沙株洲湘潭标志性工程技术项目(2020GK2014);合肥通用机械研究院有限公司项目(20213ZK).

摘　　要：针对纵向磁场作用下的电弧难提取焊缝信息的问题,设计一种由3个纵向分布磁感线圈组成的‘山’形分布纵向磁场传感器.利用COMSOL软件模拟非对称纵向磁场作用电弧形态.取焊接过程电弧电压分布对应的磁感应强度作为焊缝识别试验的磁感应强度.用高速摄影仪拍摄非对称纵向磁场作用下的电弧运动轨迹,并与新型传感器设计的电弧运动轨迹进行比较,验证纵向磁场传感器产生非对称纵向磁场的电弧形态变化.结果表明,非对称纵向磁场能控制电弧进行焊缝识别,并能解决窄间隙焊接过程中的咬边和侧壁不融合.该方法为磁控焊缝跟踪传感器在窄间隙焊接的应用开辟了新的方向.创新点:(1)设计一种由3个纵向分布磁感线圈组成的‘山’形分布纵向磁场传感器,该传感器产生的非对称纵向磁场能控制电弧提取焊缝信息.(2)该传感器能改变电弧热分布,从而解决窄间隙焊接过程中的咬边和侧壁不融合.To address the difficulty of extracting welding seam information under the action of a longitudinal magnetic field,a“mountain”-distributed longitudinal magnetic field sensor composed of three longitudinally distributed magnetic induction coils was designed.The arc shape under the action of an asymmetric longitudinal magnetic field was simulated using COMSOL software.The magnetic induction intensity corresponding to the arc voltage distribution during welding was considered the magnetic induction intensity for weld identification experimentation.The arc trajectory under the action of the asymmetric longitudinal magnetic field was photographed with a high-speed camera and compared with the arc trajectory designed by the new sensor to verify changes in the arc shape of the asymmetric longitudinal magnetic field generated by the longitudinal magnetic field sensor.The results show that the asymmetric longitudinal magnetic field can control the arc to identify the weld seam and can solve undercut and sidewall non-fusion in the narrow gap welding process.This method opens a new direction for applying magnetron seam tracking sensors in narrow gap welding.Highlights:(1)Design a'mountain'shaped longitudinal magnetic field sensor consisting of three longitudinally distributed magnetic inductor coils,which generate an asymmetric longitudinal magnetic field can control the arc to extract information about the weld seam.(2)The sensor can change the heat distribution of the arc,thus solving edge gnawing and sidewall non-fusion during narrow gap welding.

关 键 词：纵向磁场传感器 非对称纵向磁场 电弧形态 电弧电压 焊缝识别 

分 类 号：TG409[金属学及工艺—焊接]