基于《汉语水平词汇与汉字等级大纲》甲级字中的形近字研究  

Study on A-level Similar Chinese Characters Based on Syllabus of Chinese Proficiency Vocabulary and Chinese Character Level

作　　者：王晓梅 WANG Xiaomei(School of Humanities,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430000,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学人文学院,武汉430000

出　　处：《鲁东大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第3期65-70,共6页Ludong University Journal:Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：2020年度国家社会科学基金重点项目“汉语作为第二语言学习者阅读素养评价标准的构建”(20AYY016)。

摘　　要：汉字笔画多、笔形繁、结构变化丰富,导致来华留学生在学习汉字的过程中出现了汉字“难读、难认、难写”的问题,形近字辨析更是对外汉语教学实践中汉字教学的“瓶颈”。国家汉语水平考试委员会办公室考试中心《汉语水平词汇与汉字等级大纲》中共有800个甲级字,可将它们归纳为88组形近字、划分为“独体形近字”“合体形近字”“包孕形近字”三种类型展开相关研究。在对母语非汉语的学习者进行形近字教学之前,需要理清汉字的形近构形及其分类,才能在理论基础的支撑下进行形近字教学实践。Chinese characters'numerous strokes,complex shapes,and rich structural changes lead to the problem of overseas students having difficulty in reading,recognizing and writing them in the learning process.The discrimination of characters with similar shapes is the“bottleneck”of Chinese character teaching in the practice of Chinese as a foreign language.There are 800 A-level characters in Syllabus of Chinese Proficiency Vocabulary and Chinese Character Level issued by Examination Center of National Chinese Proficiency Examination Commission Office.The relevant research can be done by summing up 88 sets of similar characters and dividing them into“single-form similar characters”,“double-form similar characters”,and“inclusive-form similar characters”.Before teaching foreign learners similar Chinese characters,it is necessary to clarify their configuration and classification in order to carry out practical teaching on the basis of theory.

关 键 词：《汉语水平词汇与汉字等级大纲》 甲级字 形近字 

分 类 号：H195[语言文字—汉语]