如何提升中等职业教育吸引力?——基于选择性的视角  

How to Improve the Attractiveness of Secondary Vocational Education?——Based on the Selective Perspective

作　　者：王霞[1] 何莎薇 徐国庆[2] Wang Xia;He Shawei;Xu Guoqing(Institute of Vocational and Adult Education of East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学职业教育与成人教育研究所,上海200062 [2]华东师范大学

出　　处：《职业技术教育》2023年第7期46-51,共6页Vocational and Technical Education

基　　金：全国教育科学“十三五”规划2020年度国家青年课题“现代职教体系构建背景下我国职教高考制度的基础理论与实践模式研究”(CJA200255),主持人:李政。

摘　　要：中等职业教育是国民教育体系的重要组成部分,提升中职吸引力对应用型人才培养至关重要。基于主体选择性视角对中职吸引力问题进行分析发现,当前制约中职吸引力的关键因素为毕业生的教育选择相对受限。具体而言,相比普通高中教育,中等职业教育难以较好满足公众选择高学历的普遍性教育需求、选择院校地域及所学专业的个性化教育需求、选择参军等多样化教育需求。这与职业教育文凭在劳动力市场上的弱势地位、中职定位于区域经济发展的价值取向、中职升学考试的效力有限直接相关。基于此,提升中职吸引力应增加中职毕业生获取本科教育文凭的机会,关注中等职业教育服务个体发展的价值取向,加快建立与普通高考同等效力的职教高考系统。Secondary vocational education is an important part of the national education system,and enhancing the attractiveness of secondary vocational education is crucial to the cultivation of applied talents.Based on the analysis of the attractiveness of secondary vocational education from the perspective of subjective selectivity,it is found that the key factor restricting the attractiveness of secondary vocational education is that the educational choices of graduates are relatively limited.Specifically,compared with ordinary high school education,secondary vocational education cannot better meet the general educational needs of the public for choosing a higher degree,the individualized educational needs for choosing a college location and majors,and the diverse educational needs for choosing to join the military.This is directly related to the weak position of vocational education diploma in the labor market,the value orientation of secondary vocational education in regional economic development,and the limited effectiveness of secondary vocational education examinations.Based on this,enhancing the attractiveness of secondary vocational education should increase the opportunities for secondary vocational graduates to obtain undergraduate education diplomas,pay attention to the value orientation of secondary vocational education serving individual development,and accelerate the establishment of a vocational education college entrance examination system that is equivalent to the general college entrance examination.

关 键 词：中等职业教育 吸引力 选择性 教育需求 教育文凭 

分 类 号：G718.3[文化科学—职业技术教育学]