Q345B帆形板渐进弯曲加载路径研究  

Incremental Bending Loading Path of Q345B Sail-shaped Plates

作　　者：安楠 张功学[1] 张飞飞 何凯[2] AN Nan;ZHANG Gong-xue;ZHANG Fei-fei;HE Kai(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Shaanxi University of Science and Technology,Xi'an 710021,China;Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangdong Shenzhen 518055,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学机电工程学院,西安710021 [2]中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院,广东深圳518055

出　　处：《精密成形工程》2023年第6期103-110,共8页Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52105414)。

摘　　要：目的提高渐进弯曲成形中厚高强钢板帆形件的精度,基于最小能量法提出不同加载路径并进行实验对比,以获取满足精度需求的加载路径。方法选用Q345B为实验材料,进行不同加载路径的单层和多层渐进弯曲成形实验,使用视觉检测系统获取样本形状数据。分析不同加载路径的缺陷影响,并在沿x轴截面、沿y轴截面和沿x=y截面上对不同加载路径的成形形状和成形误差进行对比分析。进一步引入辅助支撑与辅助加热装置进行实验,对在有无辅助支撑和有无辅助加热条件下的结果进行分析。结果在“由里到外”的加载路径下,单层与多层成形的平均误差分别为8.5 mm与6.5 mm;在“由外到里”的加载路径下,单层与多层成形的平均误差分别为3.2 mm与2.7 mm。在“由外到里”加载路径多层成形的基础上引入辅助支撑后平均误差降为1.16 mm。在增加辅助支撑的基础上再增加辅助加热(将板材加热到300℃),板材平均误差降为0.8 mm。结论“由外到里”加载路径为更好的加载路径。同时增加辅助支撑与辅助加热可进一步改善成形缺陷、提高成形精度。The work aims to propose different loading paths and conduct experimental comparison based on the minimum energy method to obtain the loading path that meets the accuracy requirements to improve the accuracy of medium-thick high-strength steel sail-shaped parts in incremental bending forming.Q345B was selected as the experimental material to carry out single layer and multiple layer incremental bending experiments with different loading paths,and the forming shape data was obtained based on a visual inspection system.The effects of defects in different loading paths were analyzed.The forming shapes and forming errors in cross sections along the x-axis,along the y-axis and along the x=y cross section for different loading paths were compared and analyzed.Auxiliary support and auxiliary heating were then introduced for the experiments and the results were analyzed with and without auxiliary support or auxiliary heating.The average error of single layer forming and multiple layer forming for the“inside-out”path was 8.5 mm and 6.5 mm,and the average error of single layer forming and multiple layer forming for the“outside-in”path was 3.2 mm and 2.7 mm.The average error was reduced to 1.16 mm after the introduction of auxiliary support on basis of the“outside-in”multiple layer forming,and to 0.8 mm after the introduction of auxiliary heating of 300℃.Through analysis and comparison,the“outside-in”loading path is the better loading path.The addition of auxiliary support and auxiliary heating improves the forming defects and increases the forming accuracy.

关 键 词：渐进弯曲成形 板料成形 最小能量 帆形板 加载路径 

分 类 号：TG306[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]