澳洲青苹苹果虎皮病关键预警基因的筛选  

Screening of the key early warning genes involved in superficial scald of Granny Smith apples

作　　者：宋梅杰 谭春艳 刘翠华[1] 李瑞[1] 刘芳芳 任小林[1] SONG Meijie;TAN Chunyan;LIU Cuihua;LI Rui;LIU Fangfang;REN Xiaolin(College of Horticulture,Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《果树学报》2023年第6期1121-1134,共14页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系(Z225020701)。

摘　　要：【目的】筛选澳洲青苹苹果果实贮藏过程中虎皮病发生前的关键表达基因,为澳洲青苹苹果虎皮病发生预警研究提供理论依据。【方法】以澳洲青苹苹果果实为试材,于商业采收期采收并于低温(0±0.5℃)下长期贮藏,监测果实色泽和乙烯释放量,同时统计冷库贮藏期及冷藏后货架期的虎皮病发病情况,并采用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测与澳洲青苹苹果虎皮病发生相关基因的表达水平。【结果】澳洲青苹苹果低温贮藏50 d时,果实在冷库中未发病,置于货架期2 d时,果实出现轻微的虎皮病症状;低温贮藏70 d时,果实在冷库中开始发病。基于前人研究及转录组数据,鉴定到MdACO、MdAFS、MdCAT1、MdCAT2、MdPAL1、MdPAL2、MdC3H、MdPPO、MdPOD1、MdPOD2与澳洲青苹苹果虎皮病相关;通过实时荧光定量PCR技术进一步分析,确定MdAFS、MdC3H和MdCAT1的表达量在虎皮病发生前10 d,即贮藏第40天急剧上升,随后呈现下降的趋势,可作为虎皮病发生的预警基因。【结论】MdAFS、MdC3H和MdCAT1可作为澳洲青苹苹果贮藏期虎皮病发生的关键预警基因。【Objective】Gene expression level usually changes before or with the ripening and senescence in fruit.To identify the early warning genes for the incidence of superficial scald,the Granny Smith apples during storage were subjected to transcriptome sequencing and qPCR analysis.【Methods】950 normal Granny Smith apples with even size and without mechanical damage were harvested at the commercial maturity stage from the Qianyang Apple Experimental Station.After harvest,the fruits were immediately transported to the laboratory and stored at room temperature for 12 hours.Then these fruits were stored at(0±0.5)℃with 90%relative humidity.These fruits were randomly divided into two groups,including a sampling group(150 fruits)and an investigation group(800 fruits).Then,the apples in the investigation group were further assigned to the cold storage investigation group(200 fruits)and a shelf-life investigation group(600 fruits).For the sampling group,9 fruits were randomly selected at 0,15,30,40,50,60,70 and 80 d,and the ethylene production rate was measured at(0±0.5)℃.After that the peel was immediately separated,frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at−80℃until 80 d when Granny Smith apples were seen scald(the healthy tissue and scalded tissue were sampled respectively).For the shelf-life investigation group,40 fruits were randomly selected at 0,15,30,40,50,60,70 and 80 days,and their chromatic aberration was measured after transfer to room temperature[(25±0.5)℃with 85%relative humidity].Meanwhile,the incidence of superficial scald was also evaluated.For the cold storage investigation group,the incidence of superficial scald was evaluated based on all 200 fruits at 60,70,73,76,79,82 and 85 d,respectively.【Results】When Granny Smith apples were stored at a low temperature for 70 days,slight symptoms of superficial scald appeared on the fruit surface,and the incidence and disease index were 12.5%and 0.031,repectively;after 85 days of storage,the incidence increased to 93.5%,and the disease index increas

关 键 词：澳洲青苹苹果 冷藏 虎皮病 预警 基因表达 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]