辽宁省阜新市市售海鱼异尖线虫感染状况调查与分子鉴定  

Investigation and molecular identification of Anisakis infection in marine fish sold in Fuxin,Liaoning Province

作　　者：任妍妍 杜波 蔡楠楠 修敏[1] 刘文新[1] REN Yan-yan;DU Bo;CAI Nan-nan;XIU Min;LIU Wen-xin(Fuxin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,Fuxin,Liaoning 123000,China)

机构地区：[1]阜新市疾病预防控制中心,辽宁阜新123000

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2023年第5期489-494,共6页China Tropical Medicine

基　　金：辽宁省自然科学基金计划指导项目(No.20180550982)。

摘　　要：目的 了解辽宁省阜新市售海洋鱼类异尖线虫感染情况,并对异尖线虫第Ⅲ期幼虫进行分子鉴定及进化溯源,确定感染异尖线虫虫种。方法 于2018—2021年随机采集市售海鱼,采用直接剖检法从市售海鱼中检出异尖线虫Ⅲ期幼虫后,在显微镜下观察形态进行初步鉴定;提取虫体总DNA,扩增异尖线虫核糖体DNA内转录间隔区序列,并对其序列进行序列比对和进化分析。结果 采集289份市售海鱼样品进行剖检,共检出84份异尖线虫幼虫,检出率为29.1%,其中带鱼和小黄花鱼的检出率较高,分别为41.4%和41.2%。28条序列进行BLAST比对,结果显示检出的异尖线虫幼虫分别为异尖线虫属和宫脂线虫属的8种异尖线虫,包括派氏异尖线虫(Anisakis pegreffii)、简单异尖线虫(Anisakis simplex)、典型异尖线虫(Anisakis typical)、带鱼针蛔线虫(Raphidascaris trichiuri)、灰海鳗对盲囊线虫(Contracaecum muraenesox)、舟山宫脂线虫(Hysterothylcaium zhoushanensis)、厦门宫脂线虫(Hysterothylacium amoyense)和费氏宫脂线虫(Hysterothylcaium fabri)。28条序列构建的系统进化树总体上形成两个拓扑分支,其中派氏异尖线虫、简单异尖线虫和典型异尖线虫分别构成3簇,形成异尖线虫属的拓扑结构分支。而宫脂线虫属、对盲囊线虫属、针蛔虫属构成另外独立的一个拓扑分支。结论 阜新市售海洋鱼类异尖线虫感染情况较严重,且感染的异尖线虫种类多样,其感染优势种为派氏异尖线虫。Objective To investigate the infection of Anisakis in marine fish sold in Fuxin,and conduct molecular identification and evolutionary tracing of third-stage larvae to determine Anisakis species.Methods From 2018 to 2021,marine fish sold in the market were collected randomly,and the third stage larvae of Anisakis were detected in marine fish sold in the market by direct dissection,and the morphological characteristics were used to preliminarily identify species by microscopy;the total DNA was extracted,the internal transcribed spacer sequence of the ribosomal DNA of Anisakis was amplified,and the sequence alignment and evolution analysis were carried out.Results A total of 289 market-sold sea fish samples of marine fish sold in the market were dissected and 84 samples of Anisakis were detected with a detection rate of 29.1%,of which the infection rates of hairtail and small yellow croaker were higher,at 41.4%and 41.2%,respectively.BLAST comparison of 28 sequences revealed eight species of anisakids,including Anisakis pegreffii,Anisakis simplex,Anisakis typical,Raphidascaris trichiurid,Contracaecum muraenesoxi,Hysterothylcaium zhoushanensis,Hysterothylacium amoyense and Hysterothylcaium fabri,belonging to the genera Anisakis and Hysterothylacium.The phylogenetic tree constructed from 28 sequences generally formed two topological branches,with Anisakis pegreffii,Anisakis simplex,and Anisakis typical forming three separate clusters as the topology branch of Anisakis genus.However,meanwhile,Hysterothylacium,Contracaecum,and Raphidascaris formed a separate topological branch.Conclusions The marine fish sold in Fuxin City have severe anisakid infection,with a wide variety of anisakid species,the dominant species being Anisakis pegreffii.

关 键 词：异尖线虫 分子鉴定 食品安全 寄生虫 

分 类 号：R155[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]