青少年简明健康指数综合评价方法的构建  

Establishment of a concise health index synthetic evaluation method for adolescents

作　　者：徐慧琼 张新宇 李晓恒[3] 谌丁艳[3] 张新东[4] 王熙 万宇辉[1,2] 陶芳标 XU Huiqiong;ZHANG Xinyu;LI Xiaoheng;CHEN Dingyan;ZHANG Xindong;WANG Xi;WAN Yuhui;TAO Fangbiao(Department of Maternal,Child and Adolescent Health,School of Public Health,Anhui Medical University,Hefei(230032),China;不详)

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系,合肥230032 [2]出生人口健康教育部重点实验室/人口健康与优生安徽省重点实验室/国家卫生健康委配子及生殖道异常研究重点实验室 [3]深圳市疾病预防控制中心学校卫生所 [4]深圳市宝安区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2023年第5期706-710,714,共6页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：安徽省高校协同创新项目(GXXT-2021-072);2021年度安徽高校研究生科学研究项目(YJS20210261)。

摘　　要：目的 构建青少年简明健康指数(concise health index, CHI)综合评价方法,为中国青少年整体健康状况的研判提供依据。方法 基于文献复习和核心研究组共识制定了由体格、体能、常见病、心理健康和行为健康5个维度构成的青少年CHI指标体系,共24位专家咨询,利用层次分析法(AHP)计算主观权重。于2021年10-12月,选取A和B两个地区开展实证性研究,利用CRITIC法计算客观权重。最终,采用AHP-CRITIC组合赋权法确定各指标权重系数,结合TOPSIS法进行综合评价。结果 在不同学段和性别中,各健康指标的组合权重系数范围依次为体质量指数(0.081~0.095),腰围(0.070~0.081),相对握力(0.101~0.108),近视(0.110~0.128),龋齿(0.055~0.070),心理症状(0.240~0.262),体育锻炼(0.085~0.115),视屏时间(0.097~0.111),睡眠时长(0.086~0.103)。城市A中学生的健康指数(0.626±0.065)高于城市B(0.613±0.066),差异有统计学意义(t=6.34,P<0.01)。结论 青少年CHI综合评价方法具有较好的一致性和应用价值,可为青少年健康监测工作提供参考。Objective The aim of this study was to establish a comprehensive concise health index(CHI)for evaluating adolescents,so as to provide a basis for determining the overall health status of adolescents in China.Methods On the basis of a literature review and consensus among core researchers,adolescent CHI indicators in the following five dimensions were assessed:physical growth,physical fitness,common diseases,mental health and behavioral health.A total of 24 experts used an analysis hierarcgy process(AHP)to calculate the indicators'subjective weights.In addition,from October to December of 2021,two regions,A and B were selected to conduct empirical research,and the CRITIC method was used to calculate the objective weights of the indicators.Finally,the weight coefficients were determined through the AHP-CRITIC combination weight method,and comprehensive evaluation was performed with the TOPSIS method.Results Across academic period and genders,the combined weighted coefficients of the health indicators were as follows:BMI,0.081-0.095;waist circumference,0.070-0.081;relative grip strength,0.101-0.108;myopia,0.110-0.128;dental caries,0.055-0.070;psychological symptoms,0.240-0.262;physical exercise,0.085-0.115;screen time,0.097-0.111;and sleep duration,0.086-0.103.The health index of middle school students in city A(0.626±0.065)was significantly higher than that in city B(0.613±0.066)(t=6.34,P<0.01).Conclusion The comprehensive adolescent CHI evaluation method has good consistency and application value,and may serve as a reference for adolescent health monitoring.

关 键 词：体格检查 精神卫生 行为 健康指数 青少年 

分 类 号：B844.2[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学] G804.49[哲学宗教—心理学] R194.3[文化科学—运动人体科学]