“人民至上”观与先秦儒家政治伦理的精神契合——从历史本体论维度的思考  

The Parallelity Between the Conviction of“People Supremacy”and the Political Ethics of Pre-Qin Confucianism

作　　者：张自慧 唐亚萍 ZHANG Zihui;TANG Yaping

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学哲学与法政学院哲学系

出　　处：《哲学分析》2023年第3期84-93,197,198,共12页Philosophical Analysis

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“先秦元典中的中华民族文化基因研究”(项目编号:15BZS034)后期成果;上海市社科规划一般课题“先秦儒家礼乐教化的‘融通化成’模式及其当代价值研究”(项目编号:2022BKS012)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：“人民至上”思想是中国共产党政治伦理观的重要内容,其滥觞于马克思、恩格斯的群众史观,是马克思主义中国化的产物。群众史观为什么能跨越历史时空,以“人民至上”的言说和实践方式植根于中国,而没有出现“水土不服”的现象?中国共产党为什么能高度自觉地弘扬和践履马克思主义群众史观?这与中国文化传统特别是先秦儒家政治伦理有着密切关系。从历史本体论上看,“天命德延”“敬德保民”是“人民至上”观所遵循的历史规律,“民为邦本”“本固邦宁”是其所依托的历史主体,“凯弟君子,民之父母”是其所建基的历史动力,“以天下为己任”“为万世开太平”是其所彰显的历史价值。概言之,“人民至上”观与先秦儒家政治伦理在精神上高度契合。The conviction of“people supremacy”which originated from the view of Marx and Engels that the masses are the creators of history,is the important content of the political ethics of the Communist Party of China and the outcome of Marxist localization in China.This view transcends historical time and space,and is rooted in China in the way of speech and practice of“people supremacy”and didn’t cause“not acclimatized”.The reasons of the above phenomenon are closely related to Chinese traditional culture,especially the political ethics of pre-Qin Confucianism.From the historical perspective,the historical ontology thought revealed by the political ethics of the pre-Qin Confucianism has laid the traditional political ethics foundation of“people supremacy”.Specifically,“destiny depending on morality”and“respecting morality and protecting the people”are the historical laws followed by the conviction of“people supremacy”;“the people as the foundation of the country”and“the country is in peace when people are well-being”are the historical subjects on which the conviction relies;“a politician is a moral man”is the historical motive force of its foundation.“Taking the world as own responsibility”and“opening up peace for the world”are its historical values.In a word,“people supremacy”and the political ethics of Pre-Qin Confucianism are of high fit in spirit.

关 键 词：人民至上 政治伦理 民本 历史本体论 

分 类 号：B2[哲学宗教—中国哲学]