从《史记》“披山通道”看“披、陂、被”的同源关系  

Homologous Relationship of the“Pi,Bei,Pi(披、陂、被)”as Seen from the“Pi Shan Tong Dao(披山通道)”in the Shiji

作　　者：张雨涛 ZHANG Yutao(College of Liberal Arts,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444)

机构地区：[1]上海大学文学院,上海200444

出　　处：《合肥师范学院学报》2023年第1期1-5,共5页Journal of Hefei Normal University

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“东亚汉字文化圈《切韵》文献集成与研究”(19ZDA316);国家社科基金“冷门绝学”与国别史研究专项“敦煌本王韵与唐宋诸本韵书比较研究”(19VJX126)。

摘　　要：《史记·河渠书》“披山通道”不应写成“陂山通道”,“陂”直至《后汉书》时期才发展出“依傍”的含义。在古代“披”与“陂”是一组同源词,且存在互通现象,但需要分辨不同的义位,“披”字内部分为音“攀糜切”的披1和“彼义切”的披2,与“陂”形成同源关系的是“披2”;又,“披1”与“被”是古今字,两字在替换过程中,“披1”由于词义沾染也产生了“依傍”的含义,古代学人因此误认为“披1”与“陂”相通,造成误释。In“The Book of Waterways”in The Records of the Grand Historian(《史记·河渠书》),“pi shan tong dao”(披山通道)should not be written as“bei shan tong dao”(被山通道).The meaning of“Bei”(陂)as“leaning against”(依傍)did not develop until the period of the Book of the Later Han Dynasty(《后汉书》).In ancient times,“Pi”(披)and“Bei”(陂)were a pair of homologous words,and they were interchangeable.However,it is necessary to distinguish between different meanings.The character“Pi”(披)can be divided into two pronunciations,“Pi 1”pronounced as“pan mi qie”(攀靡切)and“Pi 2”pronounced as“bi yi qie”(彼义切).The one that forms a homologous relationship with“Bei”(陂)is Pi 2.In addition,“Pi 1”and“Pi”(被)are both ancient and modern characters.During the process of substitution,due to the semantic influence,“Pi 1”also acquired the meaning of“leaning against”,which led ancient scholars to mistakenly believe that“Pi 1”and“Bei”(陂)were interchangeable,resulting in a misinterpretation.

关 键 词：《史记》 考察分布 同源关系 “披” 义位概念 

分 类 号：H109.2[语言文字—汉语]