乌鲁木齐市干果储藏物害虫种类调查研究  

作　　者：王玮 陈韵 杨沆鑫 乌拉哈提·努尔兰 李彤 王楠楠 李超[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学农学院,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《智慧农业导刊》2023年第12期33-35,39,共4页JOURNAL OF SMART AGRICULTURE

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区天山英才计划(2021282);新疆农业大学大学生创新项目(dxscx2023025)。

摘　　要：红枣、葡萄、杏和巴旦木等特色林果业已经成为新疆尤其是南疆农民增收的重要经济来源。上述果实产品大部分被直接加工成干果出售至国内外,在新疆农业经济中占有非常重要的地位。干果产品在开放环境条件下长期储藏极易被储藏物害虫蛀食危害失去商品价值而造成损失。据资料统计损失一般可达5%~10%,损失最严重时可达100%。该研究通过走访调查和问卷调查的方法,得出乌鲁木齐市干果储藏物害虫主要种类有印度谷螟、花斑皮蠹、锯谷盗。受危害比较严重的干果有红枣、葡萄干、核桃。干果储存期在3~6个月时最容易受害虫危害。研究乌鲁木齐干果储藏物害虫种类及发生规律对于有针对性地进行害虫防治,减少经济损失具有重要意义。The characteristic forest and fruit industry,such as red jujube,grape,apricot and Badam(an almond),has become an important economic source for increasing farmers'income in Xinjiang,especially in southern Xinjiang.Most of the above fruit products are directly processed into dried fruits and sold at home and abroad,which occupies a very important position in the agricultural economy of Xinjiang.The long-term storage of dried fruit products in an open environment is very easy to be damaged by stored pests and lose their commodity value.According to statistics,the loss can generally reach 5%to 10%,and when the loss is the most serious,it can reach 100%.In this study,through the methods of visit and questionnaire survey,it is concluded that the main species of dried fruit storage pests in Urumqi are Plodia interpunctella(Indianmeal moth),Trogoderma variabile,and Oryzaephilus surinamensis(sawtoothed grain beetle).The more seriously damaged dried fruits are red dates,raisins and walnuts.Dried fruits are most vulnerable to pests when the storage period is 3~6 months.The study on the species and occurrence regularity of pests in Urumqi dried fruit storage is of great significance for targeted pest control and reducing economic losses.

关 键 词：印度谷螟 储藏物害虫 问卷调查 走访调查 干果 

分 类 号：S379.5[农业科学—农产品加工]