乳酸菌基因组编辑技术研究进展  

On the Advances in Genome Editing Techniques of Lactic Acid Bacteria

作　　者：李泳靓 赖凤羲 艾连中[1] 熊智强[1] 夏永军[1] 王光强[1] 宋馨[1] LI Yongliang;LAI Fengxi;AI Lianzhong;XIONG Zhiqiang;XIA Yongjun;WANG Guangqiang;SONG Xin(School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093,China)

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学医疗器械与食品学院,上海200093

出　　处：《工业微生物》2023年第3期66-73,共8页Industrial Microbiology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(32101928)。

摘　　要：乳酸菌是一类重要的工业微生物,具有多种益生功能。目前关于其代谢功能改造、蛋白功能鉴定和挖掘优良功能基因等的研究主要依赖于传统的同源重组技术,但该技术效率低下,耗时且操作繁琐,严重制约了乳酸菌在基因水平的改造。因此建立稳定、高效的乳酸菌基因编辑方法,借助基因编辑技术挖掘功能基因、解析代谢途径、改良工业菌株等是十分有必要的。文章综述了乳酸菌基因编辑技术及其原理,并对这些技术在乳酸菌基因组上的应用现状和亟待解决的问题进行了分析总结,展望了乳酸菌基因组编辑技术的未来发展趋势,以期为乳酸菌功能基因鉴定及遗传改良提供参考。Lactic acid bacteria are an important class of industrial microorganisms with various probiotic functions.At present,research on its metabolic function modification,protein function identification,and the exploration of excellent functional genes mainly relies on traditional homologous recombination technology.However,this technology is inefficient,time-consuming,and cumbersome,seriously restricting the genetic level modification of lactic acid bacteria.Therefore,it is very necessary to establish a stable and efficient genome editing method for lactic acid bacteria,mine functional genes,analyze metabolic pathways,and improve industrial strains with the help of genome editing technology.The paper summarizes the technology and principle of genome editing of lactic acid bacteria,analyzes and summarizes the current situation of the application of these technologies in the genome of lactic acid bacteria and the problems that need to be solved urgently,looks forward to the future development trend of the technology of genome editing of lactic acid bacteria,and hopes to provide a reference for the identification of functional genes and genetic improvement of lactic acid bacteria.

关 键 词：乳酸菌 基因编辑 同源重组 CRISPR 位点特异性重组 

分 类 号：Q78[生物学—分子生物学]