章学诚的“官礼”说——兼论章学诚学术体系及其问题  

Zhang Xuecheng's Official Ceremony Theory——On Zhang Xuecheng's Academic System and Its Problems

作　　者：杨逸 Yang Yi

机构地区：[1]安徽大学历史学院,合肥230039

出　　处：《孔子研究》2023年第3期141-148,160,共9页Confucius Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金艺术学项目“宋代礼制乐章研究”(项目编号:22CD172)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：“官礼”是章学诚学术体系中的关键概念。在《礼教》篇中,章学诚反思“郑玄—朱熹—秦蕙田等”的礼学传统,主张继承“向、歆父子之传”,以“官礼”代替“五礼”重整礼学体系,并统摄“五经”。通过“校雠之学”,章学诚批判四部分类法,代之以《七略》,作为恢复“官礼”“古学”的桥梁。然而在营构体系时,“五经”、《七略》作为理论中间环节存在先天不足。当扩“五经”为“五教”的尝试以失败告终,章学诚舍《七略》而溯“官礼”。通过赋予“官礼”历史性,创制纲领、掌故体例,“天下之书皆官礼”的命题终于证成。但“独断之学”与“考索之功”的矛盾远未调和。“Guanli”is a key concept in Zhang Xuecheng's academic system.In the chapter of“Rites”,Zhang Xuecheng reflected on the rites tradition of“Zheng Xuan-Zhu Xi-Qin Huitian”,and advocated inheriting the tradition of“Liu Xiang and Liu Xin”,replacing the“five rites”with“official rites”to reorganize the rites system and govern the“Five Classics”.Through the study of“emendation”,Zhang Xuecheng criticized the four-part classification and replaced it with“Seven Strategies”as a bridge to restore“official etiquette”and“ancient learning”.However,in the construction of the system,the“Five Classics”and“Seven Strategies”as the theoretical intermediate links are congenitally deficient.When the attempt of expanding the“Five Classics”into“five religions”ended in failure,Zhang Xuecheng gave up“Seven Strategies”and traced back to“official ceremony”.By endowing“official etiquette”with historicity,creating a program and mastering the style of the story,the proposition that“the book of the world is all official etiquette”was finally proved.However,the contradiction between“dogmatism”and“the merit of examination”is far from being reconciled.

关 键 词：章学诚 官礼 经学 《七略》 

分 类 号：B2[哲学宗教—中国哲学]