自走式蔬菜播种机底盘的设计与试验  

Design and Experiment of Self-propelled Vegetable Seeder Chassis

作　　者：曾山[1,3] 徐卓 于开鑫[1,3] 马立刚 文智强 杨文武 臧英[1,2,3,4] ZENG Shan;XU Zhuo;YU Kai-xin;MA Li-gang;WEN Zhi-qiang;YANG Wen-wu;ZANG Ying(College of Engineering,South China Agriculural University,Guangzhou 510642,China;Guangdong Laboralory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture,Guangzhou 510642,China;Key Laboralory of Key Technology on Agriculural Machine and Equipment Ministry of Education,Guangzhou 510642,China;Maoming Branch,Guangdong Laboralory for Modemn Agriculure,Maoming Guangdong 525000,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学工程学院,广州510642 [2]岭南现代农业科学与技术广东省实验室,广州510642 [3]南方农业机械与装备关键技术教育部重点实验室,广州510642 [4]岭南现代农业科学与技术广东省实验室茂名分中心,广东茂名525000

出　　处：《沈阳农业大学学报》2023年第2期176-188,共13页Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University

基　　金：岭南现代农业实验室科研项目(NZ2021039);广州市科技计划项目(202206010155);广东省乡村振兴战略专项项目(粤财农[2021]170号)。

摘　　要：针对目前农村劳动力不足、以内燃机为动力的大田机械污染严重等问题,设计了一种自走式蔬菜播种机。对整机结构和工作原理进行阐述,并建立自走式蔬菜播种机的力学模型,对底盘纵向稳定性、横向稳定性、前后轮越坎性能和行驶阻力进行计算,结果表明:前后轮理论最大越坎高度分别为113.15 mm和69.86 mm;上下坡极限翻倾角分别为56.7°和49.8°;横向极限翻倾角为46.8°,横向滑移角只与附着系数有关,与整机的设计结构无关。采用Ansys Workbench和Recurdyn仿真软件分别对机架和播种机底盘性能进行分析,仿真分析结果表明:机架最大变形量处的最大等效应力小于许用应力,表明机架的强度满足设计要求。使用Recurdyn动力学仿真软件对于底盘性能进行分析,分析结果表明:前后轮最大越坎高度分别为125 mm和70 mm,最大爬坡度为20°,在30°坡面横向行驶时滑移率为8.84%,应工作在20°以下的路面,结合仿真测试结果对播种机进行了田间性能测试,测试结果表明:水泥道路行驶速度为0.23~0.99 m·s~(-1),水泥路面最小转弯半径为2 132 mm,田间行驶速度为0.15~0.85 m·s~(-1),田间正常作业行驶途中转弯半径约为2 309 mm,最大爬坡角为14°,前后轮最大越坎高度分别为136 mm和82 mm,轮陷平均深度和宽度分别为135 mm和110 mm,满足田间行走要求,可为后期自走式蔬菜播种机研究提供参考。In view of the shortage of labor force in rural areas and the serious pollution of field machinery powered by internal combustion engine,a self-propelled vegetable planter was designed.The structure and working principle of the whole machine were described,and the mechanical model of the self-propelled vegetable planter was established.The longitudinal stability,transverse stability,front and rear wheel overjump performance and driving resistance were calculated.The results showed that the theoretical maximum overjump height of front and rear wheels was 113.15 mm and 69.86 mm,respectively.The ultimate toppling angles were 56.7°and 49.8°,respectively.The ultimate lateral tilt angle is 46.8°,and the lateral slip angle is only related to the adhesion coefficient and has nothing to do with the design structure of the whole machine.The performance of the frame and the planter chassis were analyzed with Ansys Workbench and Recurdyn simulation software respectively.The simulation results show that the maximum equivalent stress at the maximum deformation of the frame is less than the allowable stress,indicating that the strength of the frame meets the design requirements.The dynamics simulation software for Recurdyn was used to analyze the chassis performance.The results show that:the maximum crossing height of front and rear wheels is 125 mm and 70 mm respectively,the maximum climbing slope is 20°,and the slip rate is 8.84%when driving transversely on a 30°slope.The planter should work on the road surface below 20°.The field performance test of the planter is conducted based on the results of simulation,and the test results show that the driving speed of cement road is 0.23-0.99 m·s-1,the minimum turning radius on cement road is 2132 mm,the field driving speed is 0.15-0.85 m·s-1,the turning radius of normal field operation is about 2309 mm,and the maximum climbing angle is 14°.The maximum crossing height of front and rear wheels are 136 mm and 82 mm respectively,and the average depth and width of wheel depressi

关 键 词：蔬菜播种机 自走式 底盘 虚拟样机 设计 试验 

分 类 号：S223.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程]