营养性神经病  

Nutritional neuropathies

作　　者：石强[1] Shi Qiang(Department of Neurology,the First Medical Centre,Chinese People′s Liberation Army General Hospital,Beijing 100853,China)

机构地区：[1]解放军总医院第一医学中心神经内科,北京100853

出　　处：《中华神经科杂志》2023年第6期709-713,共5页Chinese Journal of Neurology

摘　　要：营养缺乏相关的神经病变临床并不少见。大多数营养缺乏相关的神经病是长度依赖性感觉轴突病变,而钴胺素缺乏性神经病通常表现为非长度依赖性感觉神经病。钴胺素和铜缺乏特征性地伴有脊髓病变,脊髓小脑综合征与维生素E缺乏相关。与营养素缺乏导致神经病变不同,吡哆醇毒性可导致非长度依赖性感觉神经元病变。营养不良、吸收不良、营养损失增加(如透析)、自身免疫性疾病(如恶性贫血)和某些抑制营养吸收的药物都可以导致营养缺乏。早期发现及治疗性营养补充可稳定或改善这些神经病变。Neuropathies associated with nutritional deficiencies are not uncommon.Most neuropathies associated with nutritional deficiency are length dependent sensory axonal lesions,whereas the exception is cobalamin deficiency neuropathy,which is usually manifested as non-length dependent sensory neuropathy.Patients with cobalamin and copper deficiency neuropathy are characterized by myelopathy,while vitamin E deficiency is associated with spinocerebellar syndrome.Contrary to the neuropathy caused by nutrient deficiency,pyridoxine toxicity leads to non-length dependent sensory neuropathy.Malnutrition,malabsorption,increased nutritional loss(such as dialysis),autoimmune diseases(such as pernicious anemia)and some drugs that inhibit nutrient absorption can all lead to nutritional deficiency.Early detection and therapeutic nutritional supplement can stabilize or improve these neuropathies.

关 键 词：维生素 维生素缺乏症 周围神经系统疾病 营养素 

分 类 号：R741[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]