《伤寒论》“六经”“六病”辨考  

Further Study on"Six Meridians"and"Six Diseases"in Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases

作　　者：刘江涛 臧云彩 谢秋利 喻苗苗 李想[2] 赵智茹 LIU Jiangtao;ZANG Yuncai;XIE Qiuli;YU Miaomiao;LI Xiang;ZHAO Zhiru(Luohe Second People's Hospital,Luohe,Henan,China,462000;Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou,Henan,China,450046;Third Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou,Henan,China,450008;Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing,China,100091)

机构地区：[1]漯河市第二人民医院,河南漯河462000 [2]河南中医药大学,河南郑州450046 [3]河南中医药大学第三附属医院,河南郑州450008 [4]中国中医科学院西苑医院,北京100091

出　　处：《河南中医》2023年第7期973-977,共5页Henan Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家中医药管理局第六批师承项目{国中药人教发[2017]125};国家中医临床研究基地科研专项项目(2019JDZX028);河南省中医药科学研究专项课题项目(2019ZY2006)。

摘　　要：《伤寒论》“六病”与《黄帝内经》“六经”具有本质区别,六经是循行于体表的经络系统,具有沟通内外,调节阴阳等作用。六病指的是仲景在阴阳辨证基础上根据人体态势来划分的三阴病、三阳病;六病是无形的、功能性的,反映患者气的整体态势,包含人体代表寒热的阴阳属性,以及升降出入的气机态势。十二正经等经络系统客观存在,而六病的态势是无法肉眼捕捉的,需要通过有形的症状去征察背后气的态势和病机实质,最后在治法上通过中药的四气五味、升降浮沉之性,遵循一定原则,顺人体向愈之势而为,调动人体气机,使失常的状态恢复常态。十二经均可有六病,反之,六病均可出现十二经经络循行路线或所联属脏腑的病变。六病对表、中、里三部受邪的部位亦尤为重视,而六病的失常部位可以出现在经络循行线及络属的脏腑。只要明白六经、六病的实际含义并结合仲景条文的内容,均可对仲景条文中太阳、少阳、阳明、太阴、少阴、厥阴的含义作出准确判断。The"six diseases"in Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases and the"six meridians"in Huangdi's Internal Classic are essentially different.The six meridians are the meridian system that runs along the body surface,and have the functions of connecting interior and exterior,regulating yin and yang,etc.The six diseases refer to the three yin diseases and three yang diseases classified by Zhang Zhongjing based on the dfferentiation of yin and yang according to the human body posture.The six diseases are intangible and functional,reflecting the overall state of the patient's qi,including the yin and yang attributes of the human body representing cold and heat,as well as the qi movement state of ascending,descending,exiting and entering.The twelve meridians and other meridian systems objectively exist,but the situation of the six diseases cannot be captured by the naked eye.It is necessary to observe the situation and essence of the underlying qi through tangible symptoms.Finally,in terms of treatment,through the four qi and five flavors of Chinese medicinals,as well as the characteristics of ascending,descending,floating,and sinking,certain principles are followed to step towards the healing trend of the human body,and mobilize the body's qi movement to restore the abnormal state to the"normal state".All twelve meridians can have six diseases,while on the contrary,the six diseases can all have pathological changes along the meridians or related organs.The six diseases also attach great importance to the areas where the external,central,and internal parts are affected by pathogenic factors,and the abnormal areas of the six diseases can appear in the meridian circulation lines and the organs of the collateral genus.As long as a physician understands the actual meanings of the six meridians and six diseases and combines them with the related content of Zhang Zhongjing's articles,he or she can make accurate judgments on the meanings of greater yang disease,lesser yang disease,yang brightness disease,greater yin disease,lesser yin

关 键 词：《伤寒论》 “六经” “六病” 三阴病 三阳病 张仲景 

分 类 号：R222.2[医药卫生—中医基础理论]