双语者有更好的冲突监控水平吗?  

Do the Bilinguals have Higher Levels of Conflict Monitoring?

作　　者：于睿 陶云[1] 朱晓媛[1] 田涛[1] Yu Rui;Tao Yun;Zhu Xiaoyuan;Tian Tao(Faculty of Education,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming,650500;School of Humanities and Management,Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine,Kunming,650500)

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学教育学部,昆明650500 [2]云南中医药大学人文与管理学院,昆明650500

出　　处：《心理科学》2023年第3期522-529,共8页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家社科基金项目(18XYY013);云南省社科研究基地项目(YB2021089);云南师范大学2022年度研究生科研创新基金项目(YJSJJ22-A11)的资助。

摘　　要：冲突监控是个体负责处理冲突信息的认知系统。关于双语经验能否提高个体的冲突监控水平的问题,目前还存在争论。本文在行为和认知神经证据基础上,总结了两种对立的观点并进行分析。未来研究应不再执着于验证双语优势,从双语经验可能影响冲突监控功能的角度展开;在内涵更丰富的理论模型指导下,采用更多的纵向研究,在科学划分单语者与双语者的基础上,考虑语言相似性问题,并设置能反映更高认知水平的任务范式继续探究双语经验对冲突监控功能的影响。Conflict monitoring is the system responsible for processing conflict information in the cognitive control system and it is also the basis and premise of cognitive control,which contains the process of conflict detection and resolution.Language,as the most enduring and integrated experience of human engagement,most likely shapes the structure and cognitive abilities of the brain.In recent years,the influence of bilingual experience on human cognition is a popular researchfield in cognitive psychology,and relevant studies have been greatly increased in both the quantity and the diversity.To explore the effect of bilingual experience on conflict monitoring or cognitive control,researchers have constructed different theoretical models,including the Inhibitory Control Model,the Conflict Monitoring Theory,the Adaptive Control Hypothesis,the Bilingual Anterior to Posterior and Subcortical Shift Model,and the Executive Attention Model.Conflict tasks such as Flanker,Simon,Stroop and ANT tasks are often used as experimental tasks in thisfield,including consistency conditions and inconsistency conditions.In addition to reaction time and error rate,the indicators also examine the conflict monitoring level including the conflict effect and the consistent sequence effect.At present,whether“bilingual advantage”exists in conflict monitoring has aroused heated discussion among researchers.Numerous studies have proved the positive impact of bilingual experience on conflict monitoring.In recent years,many studies have further validated better conflict monitoring performance for bilinguals under certain qualified conditions.These limitations include high monitoring context,appropriate age,high L2 proficiency,interference suppression tasks and lower education level.However,another opinion is that the bilinguals have no superior performance in conflict monitoring.The“bilingual advantage”found by many studies may be due to confusion of demographic variables,uncertainty in the direction of causality,publication

关 键 词：双语经验 冲突监控 认知控制 双语优势 

分 类 号：B842.5[哲学宗教—基础心理学]