天然活性产物抗电离辐射活性研究进展  

Research Progress on the Anti-ionizing Radiation Activity of Active Natural Products

作　　者：吴铭 纪晨萱 吴小勇 郑传进 何文江 李文治 尹辉[4] WU Ming;JI Chenxuan;WU Xiaoyong;ZHENG Chuanjin;HE Wenjiang;LI Wenzhi;YIN Hui(School of Public Health,Guangdong Pharmaceutical University,Guangzhou 510310,China;School of Food Science,Guangdong Pharmaceutical University,Zhongshan 528453,China;Infinitus(China)Co.,Ltd.,Xinhui 529156,China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances,Guangdong Pharmaceutical University,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]广东药科大学公共卫生学院,广东广州510310 [2]广东药科大学食品科学学院,广东中山528453 [3]无限极(中国)有限公司,广东新会529156 [4]广东药科大学广东省药物生物活性物质重点实验室,广东广州510006

出　　处：《食品科学》2023年第11期390-400,共11页Food Science

摘　　要：电离辐射是一种以电磁波(X射线和γ射线)或粒子(α、β或中子等)形式释放的,能量大于12 eV,可引起原子或分子电离的辐射。电离辐射可直接攻击机体的DNA、蛋白质、脂类等生物大分子,或使水分子电离产生大量自由基,间接损伤细胞,进而对人体血液系统、免疫系统、生殖系统和神经系统等造成损害。辐射防护剂是指在照射前或照射后早期应用,能减轻电离辐射对机体的全身或局部损伤,从而有助于损伤的治疗和恢复的药物。化学合成辐射防护剂存在研发成本高、毒副作用大等不足。因此,源于天然活性产物的辐射防护剂的研究开发具有广阔的前景。本文介绍了电离辐射对人体的损伤机制及其危害,主要论述了多糖类、多酚类、多肽类等天然活性产物辐射防护作用的研究进展,并提出目前研究所存在的问题,以期为新型天然活性产物辐射防护剂的研究开发提供参考。Ionizing radiation is a type of energy released by atoms in the form of electromagnetic waves(X-rays andγ-rays)or particles(α,β,or neutrons)with energy greater than 12 eV sufficient to ionize atoms or molecules.Ionizing radiation can directly attack DNA,proteins,lipids and other biological macromolecules in the body,or indirectly damage cells by ionizing water molecules to produce a large number of free radicals,which in turn can cause damage to the human blood system,immune system,reproductive system and nervous system.Radioprotective agents are drugs that can reduce the systemic or local damage of ionizing radiation to the body when applied before or early after irradiation,thus contributing to the recovery of the damage.However,chemically synthesized radioprotective agents have deficiencies such as high research costs and toxic side effects.Therefore,the research and development of radioprotective agents derived from natural products has a promising future.In order to provide a reference for the research and development of new radiation protection agents based on active natural products,this paper introduces the mechanism of ionizing radiation damage to the human body and its hazards,and mainly discusses recent progress in research on the radiation protection effects of active natural products such as polysaccharides,polyphenols and peptides,and presents the problems of current research.

关 键 词：电离辐射 辐射损伤 辐射防护剂 天然活性产物 

分 类 号：TS201.4[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]