考虑共乘激励与费用分摊比例异质性的停车收费模型  

Charging strategy of park-and-ride facilities with consideration to ride-sharing incentive and heterogeneous cost-sharing proportion

作　　者：徐红利[1] 余静 徐薇[1] 张开基 XU Hongli;YU Jing;XU Wei;ZHANG Kaiji(School of Management and Engineering,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学工程管理学院,南京210093

出　　处：《系统工程理论与实践》2023年第4期1220-1231,共12页Systems Engineering-Theory & Practice

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(72271117,72171114)。

摘　　要：本文针对单个OD对的简单交通网络,研究考虑共乘激励的交通流分配和停车收费策略.首先,考虑共乘费用分摊比例的异质性,共乘匹配的成功率,公交车内的拥挤效应和道路拥挤效应等,构建了考虑公交车、共乘司机、共乘乘客、独自驾驶等4种出行方式的交通流分配模型;然后,通过实施停车费优惠以激励共乘出行,建立了考虑共乘费用分摊比例异质性的停车收费模型.对无共乘、有共乘、实施共乘激励等三种情景展开算例分析,结果表明,共乘成本的分摊比例影响出行者参与共乘的固定成本,进而影响共乘司机和乘客匹配的成功率,匹配成功率较低的情况下共乘双方的期望出行成本都会很高,从而导致出行者共乘意愿降低甚至没有意愿参与共乘.此外,共乘的引入对于出行者和系统的效率是双赢的,而合理的停车收费和共乘激励可以显著增加出行者参与共乘的意愿,增加共乘匹配成功的人数,降低大部分出行者的出行成本,并提高系统效率.This paper investigated the traffic assignment problem and parking pricing for a single origin-destination network ride-sharing incentive and heterogeneous cost-sharing proportion.Firstly,a traffic assignment model was established with consideration to heterogeneous sharing proportion of ride-sharing costs,the success rate of ride-sharing matching,bus congestion effect and road congestion effect.Then,a parking strategy was proposed to encourage ride-sharing as well as park-and-ride.Numerical results shown that the sharing proportion of ride-sharing cost affects the matching success rate of drivers and passengers.When the matching success rate is low,the expected travel cost of both sides will be very high.As a result,travelers’willingness to ride-sharing is reduced or even have no intention to participate in riding-sharing.In addition,the introduction of ride sharing is win-win for the travelers and efficiency of the connecting system.Reasonable parking fees and ride sharing incentives could significantly increase travelers’willingness to participate in ride sharing,increase the number of successful ride-sharing matching,and improve the system efficiency.

关 键 词：共乘激励 用户均衡 停车收费 出行者异质性 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]