政策类型理论视角下美国州政府发展乡村教育的政策研究  

Research on Policies of American State Governments to Develop Rural Education from the Perspective of the Policy Type Theory

作　　者：孔令帅[1] 王楠楠 KONG Lingshuai;WANG Nannan(Research Institute for International and Comparative Education,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234)

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学国际与比较教育研究院,上海200234

出　　处：《教育发展研究》2023年第8期47-56,共10页Research in Educational Development

摘　　要：21世纪以来,美国乡村教育经过发展和变革取得了一定成就,但仍然面临挑战。美国各州政府采取了一系列政策措施从各方面发展和保障乡村教育。政策类型理论为研究美国州政府发展乡村教育的政策提供了分析视角。美国州政府通过分配性政策为乡村教育发展提供了基础资源和权力;通过再分配性政策将资源和权力向乡村教育弱势群体转移;通过规范性政策保障乡村教育资源和权力的获得。政府发展乡村教育的政策体现了政府逻辑、市场逻辑和乡村逻辑的矛盾与统一。分类梳理美国州政府发展乡村教育的政策经验,总结乡村教育政策的逻辑,能够为我国乡村教育政策制定和实施提供有益借鉴。Since the 21st century,American rural education has made some achievements through development and reform,but still faces challenges.State governments have adopted a series of policies and measures to develop and protect rural education from all aspects.The Policy Type Theory provides an analytical perspective on the policy research of American state governments in developing rural education.State governments provide basic resources and power for the development of rural education through distributive policies;Transfer resources and power to rural education vulnerable groups through redistributive policies;The access to rural educational resources and power is guaranteed through regulative policies.The government's policy of developing rural education reflects the contradiction and unity of government logic,market logic and rural logic.Sorting out the policy experience of American state governments in developing rural education and summarizing the logic of rural education policies can provide useful reference for the formulation and implementation of rural education policies in China.

关 键 词：美国 州政府 乡村教育 政策类型 

分 类 号：G571.2[文化科学—教育学]