宁夏回族自治区老年人健康促进行为与慢性病共病的关联分析  

Association of Health Promotion Behaviors and Multimorbidity in the Elderly in Ningxia

作　　者：何昱铮 于吉庆 郑建中 佟岩 HE Yuzheng;YU Jiqing;ZHENG Jianzhong;TONG Yan(Department of Social Medicine,School of Public Health,Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan 030001,China;Shizuishan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shizuishan 753000,China)

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学公共卫生学院社会医学教研室,山西省太原市030001 [2]宁夏回族自治区石嘴山市疾病预防控制中心,753000

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2023年第28期3526-3532,共7页Chinese General Practice

基　　金：宁夏自然科学基金资助项目(2020AAC03504)。

摘　　要：背景在人口老龄化程度日益加深的背景下,老年人保持健康成为其成功老龄化的关键。慢性病共病是威胁老年人健康的重要因素,其与老年人健康促进行为之间的关系鲜有学者探讨。目的了解宁夏回族自治区老年人的慢性病共病模式及健康促进行为水平分布情况,分析老年人健康促进行为与其慢性病共病发生情况之间的关联,为老年人健康管理工作的开展和干预策略的制定提供参考。方法2021年1—7月,在宁夏回族自治区采用随机整群抽样法选取≥65岁人群作为研究对象,采用自设问卷〔包括一般资料调查表、抑郁症筛查量表(PHQ-9)、简易精神状态检查表(MMSE)、健康促进生活方式量表(HPLP-C)〕对其进行调查,应用Apriori算法通过关联规则分析宁夏回族自治区老年人的慢性病共病模式,采用多因素Logistic回归分析健康促进行为与老年人慢性病共病发生情况之间的关联。结果共纳入2010名≥65岁老年人,慢性病共病发生率为31.00%(623/2010);最常见的二元慢性病共病模式为冠心病+高血压〔25.36%(158/623)〕,最常见的三元慢性病共病模式为高血压+冠心病+脑卒中〔4.49%(28/623)〕。关联规则显示16种慢性病共病模式,其中15种与高血压有关,10种与冠心病有关,7种与哮喘有关。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示:与健康促进行为水平差的老年人相比,健康促进行为水平为一般〔OR(95%CI)=0.364(0.185,0.714)〕、良好〔OR(95%CI)=0.488(0.251,0.948)〕、优秀〔OR(95%CI)=0.426(0.213,0.853)〕的老年人发生慢性病共病的风险更低(P<0.05)。老年人HPLP-C体力活动〔OR(95%CI)=0.960(0.925,0.997)〕、压力管理〔OR(95%CI)=0.963(0.938,0.989)〕维度得分与其慢性病共病发生情况之间呈负向关联(P<0.05);老年人HPLP-C健康责任维度得分与其慢性病共病发生情况之间呈正向关联〔OR(95%CI)=1.038(1.013,1.063),P<0.05〕。结论宁夏回族自治区老年人的慢Background In the context of increasing population aging,maintaining the health of the elderly is the key to successful aging.Multimorbidity is an important factor threatening the health of the elderly,and its relationship with the health promotion behaviors of the elderly has been rarely reported.Objective To understand the multimorbidity patterns and distribution of health promotion behaviors among the elderly in Ningxia,analyze the relationship between multimorbidity patterns and health promotion behaviors in the elderly,so as to provide a reference for the development of management and intervention strategies for the health of elderly.Methods The population aged 65 years and above in Ningxia were selected as study subjects by using random cluster sampling method from January 2021 to July 2021,and surveyed by self-designed questionnaire〔including general information questionnaire,patient health questionnaire-9(PHQ-9),mini-mental state examination(MMSE),health promoting lifestyle profile-Chinese version(HPLP-C)〕.Multimorbidity patterns of the elderly was analyzed by association rules of Apriori algorithm,the correlation between multimorbidity and health promotion behaviors of the elderly was analyzed by multivariable Logistic regression analysis.Results A total of 2010 older adults aged 65 years and above were included,with the multimorbidity rate of 31.00%(623/2010).The most common binary multimorbidity pattern was coronary heart disease and hypertension〔25.36%(158/623)〕,the most common ternary multimorbidity pattern was hypertension,coronary heart disease and stroke〔4.49%(28/623)〕.The association rules revealed 16 patterns of multimorbidity,15 of which were related to hypertension,10 were related to coronary heart disease,and 7 were related to asthma.The multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that compared with older adults with poor health promotion behaviors,those with general〔OR(95%CI)=0.364(0.185,0.714)〕,good〔OR(95%CI)=0.488(0.251,0.948)〕,excellent〔OR(95%CI)=0.426(0.213,0.8

关 键 词：老年人 慢性病共病模式 健康促进行为 关联规则 APRIORI算法 影响因素分析 宁夏回族自治区 

分 类 号：R36[医药卫生—病理学] R197.1[医药卫生—基础医学]