汉英词典词类标注与译义对称性研究——以“议论”和“讨论”二词为例  

Symmetry in Word Class Labeling and Lexicographical Translation in C-E Dictionaries—A Case Study of“yìlùn”and“tǎolùn”

作　　者：马宁 MA Ning(Zhengzhou Technology and Business University,Zhengzhou Henan,451400,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州工商学院,河南郑州451400

出　　处：《文化创新比较研究》2023年第14期21-24,共4页Comparative Study of Cultural Innovation

摘　　要：词类范畴化问题是语法研究的核心,现代汉语、现代英语等分析语的概括词的兼类问题是学界研究的热点与难点。汉英词典编纂中,词类标注尤为重要,其中汉英词典词类标注与译义的对称性是美学原则也是科学准则。该文以双层词类范畴化理论为指导,基于国家语委语料库的调查模式,以四部权威双语词典为研究对象,以“议论”和“讨论”二词为例,探讨同义词释义的对称性问题。研究发现,“讨论”表指称的用法有较高的个例频率和类型频率,在社群语言系统层面应属动名兼类词,四部权威双语词典存在漏标“讨论”一词的名词用法的现象。还发现汉英词典词类标注以现代汉语词典为蓝本,词典编纂方式欠佳,未体现对称性原则。该文旨在理清“议论”和“讨论”两词的词类标注,探讨双语词典词类标注与译义不对称的原因,以期提高双语词典的编纂质量。Categorization is the kernel of grammatical study.It has been a hot topic among scholars to discuss heterosemy in modern Chinese and modern English.Practically,word class labeling becomes quite important.The need of symmetry between word class labeling and translation in Chinese-English dictionaries is a principle in terms of aesthetics and science.Based on the Two-level Word Class Categorization theory and usage pattern survey in Chinese National Corpus,this study studies symmetric word class labeling of"yìlùn"and"tǎolùn"in four authentic Chines-English dictionaries.Study shows"tǎolùn"is verb-noun heterosemy in the lexicon at language because its token frequency and type frequency are relatively high as reference.Study results show Chinese dictionaries are blueprint for labeling word class of Chinese-English dictionaries,but there are problems in world class labeling principle and methods in Chinese dictionaries.This study aims to discussing reasons of asymmetric word class labeling of symmetric entries,hoping to improve word class labeling in Chinese-English dictionaries.

关 键 词：汉英词典 词类 词类标注 对称性 议论 讨论 

分 类 号：H315[语言文字—英语]