离职创业会传染吗?同事表层相似性对创业意愿的影响——基于家庭支持的调节中介模型  

Can Employee Entrepreneurship Be Contagious? The Impact of Peer Surface Similarity on Entrepreneurial Intention:A Moderated Mediation Model Based on Family Support

作　　者：刘立华[1] 王炳成[1] 张士强[1,2] Liu Lihua;Wang Bingcheng;Zhang Shiqiang(College of Economics and Management,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266590;Business School,University of Jinan,Jinan 250022)

机构地区：[1]山东科技大学经济管理学院,青岛266590 [2]济南大学商学院,济南250022

出　　处：《管理评论》2023年第4期118-127,共10页Management Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(17BGL037)。

摘　　要：离职创业的“扎堆”现象说明离职创业在同事间存在“传染”效应,留任员工通常更关注具有表层相似性特征同事的离职创业事件并受其影响,进而可能改变创业认知及离职创业意愿,但当前的研究对其内在机理却还未深刻揭示。基于社会比较理论,以离职创业同事表层相似性为自变量,离职创业意愿为因变量,创业效能感为中介变量,同时引入家庭支持作为调节变量,构建了一个有调节的中介模型,并通过334个有效问卷调查样本的实证检验发现:(1)离职创业同事表层相似性正向影响留任员工的离职创业意愿;(2)创业效能感在离职创业同事表层相似性与离职创业意愿之间发挥中介作用;(3)家庭支持调节离职创业同事表层相似性与创业效能感之间的关系,并调节创业效能感在离职创业同事表层相似性与离职创业意愿之间的中介效应。研究结论验证了离职创业在同事间的“传染”效应,揭示了离职创业同事表层相似性对离职创业意愿的作用路径和边界条件,并为应对离职创业事件提供指导。The successive occurance of employees' quitting to start their own business indicates that there is a “contagion” effect among colleagues as those who stay are usually impressed and even motivated by the entrepreneurial move of the resignees with surface similarity.However,existing researches lack an in-depth exploration into the mechanism underlying this phenomenen.Based on the social comparison theory,this paper constructs a moderated mediation model by taking the surface similarity of entrepreneurial colleagues as the independent variable,entrepreneurial intention as the dependent variable,entrepreneurial self-efficacy as the mediating variable,and family support as the moderating variable.The empirical test results of 334 samples show that:(1) the surface similarity of entrepreneurial colleagues has a positive impact on the entrepreneurial intention of the remaining employees;(2) the entrepreneurial self-efficacy plays a mediating role between the surface similarity of entrepreneurial colleagues and the entrepreneurial intention of remaining employees;(3)family support moderates the influence of the surface similarity of entrepreneurial colleagues on the entrepreneurial self-efficacy,and the mediating effect of entrepreneurial self-efficacy on the relationship between the surface similarity and entrepreneurial intention.This study verifies the “contagion” effect of employee entrepreneurship among colleagues,reveals the path and boundary conditions of the entrepreneurial colleagues' surface similarity acting on the entrepreneurial intention of remaining employees,and provides a reference for enterprises to strengthen the management of employee entrepreneurship.

关 键 词：离职创业 表层相似性 创业意愿 创业效能感 社会比较 

分 类 号：F272.92[经济管理—企业管理] F279.2[经济管理—国民经济]