基于5416配方施肥的‘赤霞珠’葡萄品质分析与施肥建议  

Quality Analysis and Fertilization Recommendations of‘Cabernet Sauvignon’Grapevine Based on 5416 Formula Fertilization

作　　者：王小龙 王志强[1] 刘畅 张艺灿 王宝亮[1] 冀晓昊[1] 史祥宾[1] 王海波[1] WANG Xiaoong;WANG Zhiqiang;LIU Chang;ZHANG Yican;WANG Baoiang;JI Xiaohao;SHI Xiangbin;WANG Haibo(Fruit Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Germplasm Resources Utilization of Horticultural Crops,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Liaoning Key Laboratory of Mineral Nutrition and Fertilizers Efficient Utilization of Deciduous Fruit Tree,Xingcheng 125100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院果树研究所/农业农村部园艺作物种质资源利用重点实验室/辽宁省落叶果树矿质营养与肥料高效利用重点实验室,辽宁兴城125100

出　　处：《中外葡萄与葡萄酒》2023年第4期32-39,共8页Sino-Overseas Grapevine & Wine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFD1000204);中国农业科学院科技创新工程财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(nycytx-30-zp)。

摘　　要：以河北定州栽培的‘赤霞珠’为试材,通过实施5416配方施肥方案,研究该方案对葡萄果实性状和酚类物质含量的影响,以筛选出N、P、K、Ca、Mg元素合适的施用比例。结果表明,T8处理对百粒质量和籽粒数的提升作用明显;T4处理对籽总酚和籽单宁含量有明显的提升作用;T5处理对皮黄烷醇和皮总黄酮有提升作用;T6处理对皮总酚和花色苷提升作用明显。主成分分析表明,T4是5416配方施肥中综合评价最佳的处理,可使‘赤霞珠’葡萄籽中的总酚和单宁含量分别达到43.61、26.70 mg·g^(-1),显著高于其他处理。为继续获得‘赤霞珠’葡萄的最佳综合品质,施用P2O523.3 kg·hm^(-2)、K2O 56.3 kg·hm^(-2)、CaO 168.8 kg·hm^(-2)、MgO 69.8 kg·hm^(-2)是本试验条件下的最佳理论施肥量。The aim of this study was to screen out the appropriate fertilizer ratio of N,P,K,Ca and Mg,and to provide scientific basis for rational fertilization of'Cabernet Sauvignon'grapevine.The test material'Cabernet Sauvignon'grapevine from Dingzhou area of Hebei,the effects of 5416 fertilization on basic characters and phenolic content of fruit were investigated.The results showed that T8 treatment significantly improved the berry weight and seed numbers;T4 treatment significantly increased the total phenols and tannins of seeds;T5 treatment significantly increased the contents of flavanols and total flavonoids of grape peel;T6 treatment had obvious elevating effect on total phenols and anthocyanins of grape peel.Principal component analysis showed that T4 was the best fertilizer treatment in 5416 Formula,which could make the contents of total phenolic and tannin in grape seeds reach 43.61,26.70 mg·g^(-1) respectively,significantly higher than other treatments.Therefore,P2O523.3 kg·hm^(-2),K2O 56.3 kg·hm^(-2),CaO 168.8 kg·hm^(-2) and MgO 69.8 kg·hm^(-2) were the best theoretical application under these conditions to obtain the best comprehensive quality of'Cabernet Sauvignon'grape.

关 键 词：赤霞珠 配方施肥 基本性状 酚类物质 综合品质 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学] S147.2[农业科学—园艺学]