成亦经术,败亦经术:西汉经学教育的价值转向  

Value Transformation of Classic Study Education in the Western Han Dynasty

作　　者：王建军 Wang Jianjun(Guangdong Technology College)

机构地区：[1]广东理工学院教学督导室

出　　处：《教育史研究》2023年第2期24-37,共14页Educational History Studies

摘　　要：经术是西汉“独尊儒术”政策下的产物。因大一统政治格局的治理需要,西汉统治者亟需运用儒家理论来解决国体人事之难题,一批儒者与时俱进,通过策、奏疏、谏书等形式,发明经书义理,辨知政事之是非得失,以裁决时事,经术便应运而生。为求致用,西汉经术经历了从“缘饰儒术”到“霸王道杂之”的发展之路,并积淀成儒学素养与政事素质并举的人才观,有效地提升了儒学的社会地位,推动了西汉经学教育的发展,并内化为经学教育的价值导向。但经术的唯求功利所引发的经说歧见迭出,导致皇权对儒经解说的绝对掌控,博士分家而立又加剧了经说的纷争,章句之学由此兴起,给西汉经学教育发展带来了明显的负面效应。Jingshu is the product of the dominance of Confucianism in the Western Han Dynasty.For governing,rulers were in urgent need of solving political and administrative problems through Confucian theories.A group of progressive Confucian scholars seized the chance to apply various forms to discuss politics for the purpose of decision making.As a result,Jingshu emerged.For better application,Jingshu has transformed from “modifying Confucianism” to “combined with law”,forming view of talent that focuses on both Confucianism and politics,improving the social status of Confucianism,promoting classic study education,and evolving into value orientation of classic study education.However,Jingshu's focus on utilitarianism caused controversy,leading to the absolute control of imperial power on defining Confucian classics.The separation of scholars furthered the disputes and generated commentary study,which brought obvious negative influence on classic study education in the Western Han Dynasty.

关 键 词：经术 西汉 缘饰儒术 霸王道杂之 章句之学 

分 类 号：G529[文化科学—教育学]