不同农机驾驶方式对玉米播种出苗率的影响——基于无人机多光谱影像的测算  

Effect of different driving modes of agricultural machinery on maize seedling rate:Calculation based on UAV multispectral image

作　　者：徐岚俊 孙梦遥 张传帅[1] 王迪 李传友[1] 吴才聪[3] Xu Lanjun;Sun Mengyao;Zhang Chuanshuai;Wang Di;Li Chuanyou;Wu Caicong(Beijing Agricultural Machinery Experiment Appraisal Popularize Station,Beijing,100079,China;Beijing Science and Technology Innovation Promotion Center,Beijing,100142,China;China Agriculture University,Beijing,100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市农业机械试验鉴定推广站,北京市100079 [2]北京科技创新促进中心,北京市100142 [3]中国农业大学,北京市100083

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2023年第6期143-147,共5页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金：北京市科学技术委员会科技项目(Z201100008020008)。

摘　　要：为验证无人驾驶、辅助驾驶和人工驾驶对玉米播种出苗率的影响,以鲜食玉米为试验作物,划分区域进行无人驾驶、辅助驾驶、人工驾驶播种,在保障土壤条件和管理方式基本一致的情况下,使用无人机采集出苗期多光谱影像,利用超绿值(ExG)和最大类间差法相结合的方法提取农田背景中玉米苗特征图像,计算归一化植被指数(NDVI)。基于实测计算的出苗率与区域NDVI,建立对应关系,利用空间分析技术计算无人驾驶、辅助驾驶、人工驾驶方式下出苗率情况。结果表明:基于无人机多光谱影像测算方法的无人驾驶、辅助驾驶、人工驾驶播种出苗率分别为67.47%、66.30%、52.83%,实测出苗率分别为72.19%、66.23%、55.49%,差异度分别为-4.72%、0.07%、-2.66%。出苗率为无人驾驶区>辅助驾驶区>人工驾驶区,无人驾驶区出苗率最高,且出苗率较为均匀,基于无人机多光谱影像的测算方法较为准确。该方法为实时估算玉米出苗率提供理论依据。In order to verify the effect of driverless,assisted driving and manual driving on the emergence rate of corn seeding,fresh corn was taken as the experimental crop,and driverless,assisted driving and manual driving were conducted in different areas.Under the condition that the soil benefits and management methods are basically the same,UAV is used to collect multispectral images during seedling emergence.The method of combining super-green value(ExG)and maximum inter-class difference method is used to extract the characteristic image of maize seedlings in the farmland background,and the normalized vegetation index(NDVI)is calculated.Based on the measured and calculated emergence rate and regional NDVI,establish the corresponding relationship.Use spatial analysis technology to calculate the emergence rate under unmanned driving,assisted driving and manual driving modes.The results show that:Based on the UAV multispectral image calculation method,the seeding rate was 67.47%,66.30%and 52.83%respectively by driverless,assisted and manual driving.The actual emergence rate of maize was 72.19%,66.23%and 55.49%.The degree of difference was-4.72%,0.07%and-2.66%respectively.The result of seedling emergence rate is:driverless area>auxiliary driving area>manual driving area.The emergence rate in driverless areas is the highest and relatively uniform.The calculation method based on UAV multispectral image is more accurate,which provides a theoretical basis for real-time estimation of maize emergence rate.

关 键 词：玉米播种 出苗率 无人驾驶 多光谱影像 无人机 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]