多元主体参与黄河流域生态环境修复的困境与纾解  

Dilemma and Relief of Multi⁃Subject Participation in Ecological Restoration in the Yellow River Basin

作　　者：王宗涛 王勇 WANG Zongtao;WANG Yong(Law School of Wenzhou University,Wenzhou 325035,China;College of Marxism,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221000,China)

机构地区：[1]温州大学法学院,浙江温州325035 [2]中国矿业大学马克思主义学院,江苏徐州221000

出　　处：《人民黄河》2023年第7期19-23,57,共6页Yellow River

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目(20BGL226);教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题(18JZD047);中国矿业大学“双一流”建设文工渗透项目(CUMTSYLWG-2023-01)。

摘　　要：大力推进全流域生态环境修复是实现黄河流域高质量发展的重要前提,黄河流域的跨域性及生态环境系统的复合性决定了开展流域生态环境修复需要多元主体共同参与。为了给黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展战略的实施提供参考,基于公共物品理论、协同论、权利-义务论等,对黄河流域生态环境修复现状进行分析,并就多元主体参与黄河流域生态环境修复所处困境提出纾解之策。当前,黄河流域生态环境修复模式是以政府为主体的“碎片化、点对点”修复,处于多元主体协同配合机制缺失、修复主体的责任划分标准缺失、多元主体参与生态环境修复保障机制缺失的困境,造成“政府主动、企业被动、公众不动”的乱象。纾解之策:明确主体定位,扩大多元主体范围;明确责任划分原则,厘清各主体责任;健全激励机制和监管机制、建立生态环境修复资金来源保障机制,为流域生态环境修复提供强力支撑。Vigorously promoting the ecological environment restoration of the whole river basin is an important prerequisite for realizing the high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin.The cross⁃domain nature of the Yellow River Basin determines that the ecological envi⁃ronment restoration of the river basin needs the participation of multiple subjects.In order to provide reference for the implementation of eco⁃logical protection and high-quality development strategy in the Yellow River Basin,the current situation of ecological environment restoration in the Yellow River Basin,based on the theory of public goods,coordination,rights and obligation was analyzed and put forward solutions for the difficulties of multiple subjects participating in the ecological environment restoration of the Yellow River Basin.At present,the Yellow River Basin ecological environment model was the government as the main body of“fragmentation and point-to-point”repair,in the dilem⁃ma of the lack of multiple subject coordination mechanism,the lack of responsibility division standard of restoration subjects and the lack of multi⁃subject participation guarantee mechanism of ecological environment restoration,resulting in the chaos of“government initiative,enter⁃prises passive and the public was not moving”.The proposed solutions are to clarify the subject positioning,expand the scope of multiple subjects,clarify the principle of responsibility division,clarify the responsibilities of each subject;improve the external incentive mechanism and scientific supervision mechanism,establish the fund source guarantee mechanism for ecological environment restoration and provide strong support for the ecological environment restoration in the river basin.

关 键 词：生态环境修复 责任主体 激励机制 监管机制 保障机制 资金来源 黄河流域 

分 类 号：X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学] TV882.1[水利工程—水利水电工程]