2010—2022年重庆市食物中毒突发公共卫生事件流行特征分析  

Analysis on the epidemiological characteristics of public health emergencies from food poisoning in Chongqing Municipality from 2010 to 2022

作　　者：段陈林 周蕾[3] 刘慧慧[3] 罗书全[4] 龙江[4] DUAN Chen-lin;ZHOU Lei;LIU Hui-hui;LUO Shu-quan;LONG Jiang(Chinese Field Epidemiology Training Program,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China;Changsha Center for Disease Control and Prevention;Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention;Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心现场流行病学培训项目,北京100050 [2]长沙市疾病预防控制中心 [3]中国疾病预防控制中心 [4]重庆市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《热带病与寄生虫学》2023年第3期150-154,共5页Journal of Tropical Diseases and Parasitology

基　　金：中国现场流行病学培训项目。

摘　　要：目的了解重庆市食物中毒突发公共卫生事件的发生规律和特点,为有效应对和科学防控提供依据。方法在中国疾病预防控制信息系统突发公共卫生事件报告管理信息系统中,收集报告时间为2010年1月至2022年12月的重庆市食物中毒突发公共卫生事件的相关信息,对发生时间、场所、致病因素等流行病学特征进行描述性分析。结果2010—2022年重庆市共报告食物中毒突发公共卫生事件116起,中毒人数3415例,死亡22例。细菌性食物中毒事件数和中毒人数最多,分别为59起(占50.86%)和2494例(占73.03%)。细菌性食物中毒事件的致病菌以副溶血性弧菌和沙门菌为主,这两种致病菌引起食物中毒的事件数和中毒人数为41起和1720例,占细菌性食物中毒的69.49%和68.97%。真菌性食物中毒死亡人数最多,为10例(占45.45%),均为误食毒蕈引起。事件高峰为5月和9月,共报告事件40起(占34.48%)、中毒人数1378例(占40.35%)。报告事件数前三位的区(县)分别为九龙坡区(13起)、长寿区(12起)、黔江区(8起)。农村地区报告食物中毒事件68起(占58.62%),中毒人数为1831例(占53.62%),主要发生场所为家庭(39起);城市地区报告48起(占41.38%),中毒人数为1584例(占46.38%),主要发生场所为饮食服务机构(27起)。22例食物中毒死亡病例全部发生在农村家庭。结论重庆市食物中毒事件夏秋季高发,应加强该季节重点地区及场所的食品安全监测,同时加强食品安全健康教育,提高群众对当地常见有毒化学物质、有毒植物以及毒蕈的鉴别能力,预防食物中毒事件发生。Objective To understand the patterns and characteristics of public health emergencies arising from food poisoning in Chongqing Municipality so as to provide a scientific basis for promoting effective prevention and control of similar events.Methods The related data on the public health emergencies caused by from food poisoning report-ed in Chongqing were collected from January 2010 to December 2022 via the subsystem of Public Health Emergency Management under the Information System for Disease Prevention and Control in China,and descriptively analyzed per-tinent to the epidemiological characteristics,including the time,places and pathogenic factors of the events.Results One hundred and sixteen events of food poisoning were reported in Chongqing from 2010 to 2022,which affected 3415 people and resulted in 22 deaths.Food poisoning caused by bacteria was most seen(59 events,50.86%),and affected most people(2494 cases,73.03%).Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Salmonella were the major pathogenic bacteria in the incidents,and responsible for 41 events and 1720 cases of the food poisoning,respectively accounting for 69.49%and 68.97%of the bacterial food poisoning.Food poisoning caused by fungi led to the highest number of deaths(10 cases,45.45%),all of the deaths were resulted from accidental ingestion of poisonous mushrooms.The peak of food poisoning incidents in Chongqing chiefly appeared in May and September,during which period 40 incidents(34.48%)were report-ed,with 1378 poisoning cases(40.35%)involved.From 2010 to 2022,the top three districts(counties)in Chongqing with the incidents reported were Jiulongpo District(13 events),Changshou District(12 events)and Qianjiang District(8 events).Sixty-eight events(58.62%)of food poisoning in rural areas in Chongqing were reported from 2010 to 2022,which involved 1831 people(53.62%).The incidents primarily occurred in households,with 39 events reported.Forty-eight(41.38%)incidents of food poisoning were reported in urban areas,which affected 1584 people(46.38%).The in-cidents lar

关 键 词：突发公共卫生事件 食物中毒 流行病学特征 重庆市 

分 类 号：R155.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学] R181.3[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]